Keeping the Family Tradition Alive Essay Example for Free

Keeping the Family Tradition Alive EssayI started keeping my family customs of canning alive belong summer. My family has canned for years and there is zip fastener better than opening up something I experience canned on my own and thinking of the people who shared this tradition with me. Traditions are very weighty to keep going in families around the world. Traditions are very broad anything from what people do on holidays to cooking. My family tradition is very important to me.I knew last year that if I didnt learn some of my familys secret recipes while my grandmother and mom are still with us than there would be a chance that my family would never be able to taste the wonderful flavors my family has do together over the years and my family has looked so forward to the taste that we have grown to love. Before I pose canning, I must gather all in all the materials that I need to get started. The first cadence is the selection of the tomatoes. I pick all of my tomatoe s from my own garden they are so much better than anything from the grocery store.Last year I used better male child tomatoes and roma tomatoes. The roma tomatoes are great to use because they have a few(prenominal)er seeds, thicker, meatier walls and less water. And that means thicker sauce in less cooking sentence Also, I outweart want mushy, bruised or rotten tomatoes. Next I remove the tomato skins this is very important. Nothing worse than eating spaghetti and having to chew on a piece of skin left behind. Heres a trick my grandma taught me put the tomatoes, a few at a time in a large pot of boiling water for no more than 1 minute. Then I plunge them into a waiting coil of ice water.This makes the skins slide right off of the tomatoes. If the skins are left on then they become tough and chewy in the sauce, not very pleasant. at a time I must remove the seeds and water. After peeling the skins off the tomatoes, I cut the tomatoes in half. I remove the seeds and excess wate r. I call it the overeat of the seeds. It is just the likes of it sounds wash hands then squeeze each tomato and I use my thumb or a spoon to scoop out and shake out most of the seeds. I do leave some of the seeds because that is my preference. I toss the squeezed tomatoes into a colander or drainer while I take a shit on the others.By draining the water off now, I end up with a thicker spaghetti sauce in less cooking time. The next step I must do is to get the lids and jars sanitized. The dishwasher is fine for the jars, especially if it has a sanitize cycle. I get that going while Im preparing everything else, so its done by the time Im ready to fill the jars. While the jars and lids are being sanitized I begin getting that spaghetti sauce going. I take my onions, garlic, basil, oregano, bay leaves, green spice ups, lemon juice, salt, pepper, and my burgundy and place them all in the pot first.After I get the onions and pepper a little tender I add all the tomatoes and bring t o a simmer. Cook down the tomatoes until the sauce is my desired thickness. I usually let my sauce cook for about two hours. The last step I call canning time. While my sauce is simmering I get my water privy canner ready. I go ahead and feel the water up and get it boiling. I start a small pot of water boiling to put the lids in so that the lids can sanitize and helps the lids seal. When the sauce is ready I place the jar funnel on the jar and I fill them to inwardly ?inch of the top and set the lid and hand tighten the ring on. I place the jars in the water bath and cook for about 20mins. I then use the jar grabber and pull the jars out one at a time and let them cool draft-free place. Once the jars are cool, I discover that they are sealed verifying that the lid has been sucked down. I press down in the center gently with my finger. If it pops up and down then it is not sealed. If it dont seal than I just replace the lid and do the canning time again. Now that all the steps ar e complete, I listen to all the little pings going on telling me that my hard work has paid off.I am so glad that I have learned the family tradition of canning. My grandmother has gotten older and doesnt can anymore. Out of all my family it is just my mom, Aunt Susan, and myself left doing the canning. It was a nice reward to my sole a few weeks ago when I had my grandmother over for dinner. I had canned some beets and decided that was the day to open them. When my grandmother tried them she said, These taste just like mine. To hear her say that meant so much to me. I couldnt image not having the taste of what I grew up with because they dont sell it in the grocery store.This is why I am keeping my family tradition going and teaching my girls. We never know when our love ones are not going to be here anymore. If I cant have my family with me I at least want to be able to remember them by creating what they have estimation me. If people have something in their family that is done by others and would not want to miss it after that person is gone than learn how that special someone does it. I did thats why I will always have that special connection with canning and my family.

Education Dialog Essay Example for Free

Education Dialog EssayWhat does it mean to be an educated mortal? in that location is no simple, out-right, correct answer to this question. Everyone will have a slightly, if not very, different answer. What does it mean to be a liberally educated person?is misleading, late so, because it suggests that one can somehow take a group of courses, or accumulate a certain number of credits, or undergo an obligatory devise of learning experiences, and emerge liberally educated at the end of the process. Nothing could be further from the truth (William Cronon 5) To me an education is about grasping not special(prenominal) facts, but concepts as a whole, to gain knowledge of things that can be applied to not just the status quo but things in the future as well. To be properly educated one must keep an open mind, be capable to take all the sides of an argument into account and be able to see where they are coming from.To be educated,, is to be free of ignorance, to not let our own e motions and experiences corrupt our view, to be able to think for yourself and think critically at that, but also to comprehend what is being said to you, or what you are reading and understand that your learning will never end. No progeny the amount of knowledge you have on a certain result there will always be more to learn, either on that topic or other topics and an educated person knows that, so they are always striving to learn more. Critical thinking is a huge part of being considered educated. You dont just listen to hear someone talk, and you dont read to just see letters form words on a page, you do these things so you can derive meaning from the words written in a book and the words coming from a persons mouth.How does one measure intelligence? How would you know where you stand compared to others? This is where things get a little tricky. From my own experience in the public education dodging we were given facts, dates, places and names to be memorized for essays. H ow much you could memorize directly translated to what grade you would get on a test. Students would cram right before an exam, and their minds would only check that knowledge for a couple days at most. In my English class my teacher spent the whole year preparing us for one test at the end of the year, one test. We were actually given the test three times before the final exam. You were given the correct answers and all you had to do was memorize it, if you could memorize the answers you would get an A grade. I dont get how standardized tests are used to measure intelligence since there isnt a standardized person. I believe standardized tests should be made with essay topics to give students a chance to explain their thinking, their whysI can understand why certain subjects become important when trying to shape a well rounded educated person, such as math, history, committal to writing and composition. History would be about the only subject in which there could be too much focus on dates and facts, to where they begin to dismiss the wherefore did they do that? because theyre focusing on the fact that they did do it. We are taught history so we can do our best to prevent repeating it, the facts wont really help all too much in that, but the critical thinking will. We need to be aware of whats divergence on around us, notice when things are beginning to stir. We all must be educated to advance in our world, to learn from our mistakes, to make new mistakes and garb forth a course to the ideal of a perfect world or to achieve a perfect education.

Importance Of Stretching Before Exercise Physical Education Essay

Importance Of rangeability Before Exercise Physical Education EssayStretching ahead participation in athletic activities is typical workout for all trains of sports, competitive or recreational. Athletes, coaches, trainers, physiotherapists, and physicians recommend passiness in an effort to both obstruct injury and enhance performance. Several papers abide been published which has produced a earthshaking body of show that leave whitethorn non be the way of life to improve performance and decrease risk of injury. Recent research demonstrates that unfolding precedent to physical activity decreases performance. However, these stretching bouts are non representative of athletes during agile up procedures, as they are usually beat consuming. The aim of the this contemplate is to examine whether the duration of acute static stretching is responsible for losses in sprint cartridge holders compared to increase/decreased flexibility. Research has shown the reduction of peak flow force when use static stretching but research has alike shown the reduction of injury and the improvement of flexibility in the long term which also assists in sprinting performance. Research in this area has some beats been vague involving the time of the static stretched utilise.Bandy (1997) used 57 subjects from the age of 21 to 37 years old, 40 of these being male and 17 female with all participants having express rag flexibility. These participants were randomly assigned to four groups. Three groups stretched 5 days per week for 15, 30, and 60 seconds, Group four served as a dominance group, and did not stretch. The test was ran over a six week period. The results showed that holding a stretch for 30 seconds was optimal as it had a greater effect on grip of motion than the 15 seconds and control group and the same effect as the 60 seconds. Bandy (1997) concluded that because there was little difference amidst no stretching and 15 seconds coaches and athlete s must raise the question of the effectivness of static stretching for periods less than 30 seconds. Although this analyse supports its hypothesis it is very specific to the hamstring and lower body. Muscle such as the gasrtocnemuis may show divergent results due to the higher(prenominal)er percentage of fast twitch muscle fibres which performs larger, to a greater extent sizeable movements REF. The study did not show the acute make of static stretching so we cannot assume these results would or would not enhance range of motion/flexibility gains prior to any sporting events. Also this study is excessively narrow in subject focus and as all participants had limited amount of range of flexibility within the hamstring, with a higher majority of subjects being men. Therefore this makes the results only valid to this population. Due to the length of the study and the uncontrolled environment I would have to question the suitability of the research design and the effectiveness of th e info collection. The subjects were only tested once after the six week period, therefore subjects were subjected to impertinent environmental factors during the six weeks which may have affected results. Testing and monitoring constantly throughout the six weeks would improve the reliability of this study.A more controlled study was d 1 by Shirer (2005). This study focused on muscle performance rather than flexibility. He conducted a study using males from a univer teasey population who were pre and set tested for isometric force and surface electromyography activity. (Shirer 2005 pg 22) tests were performed on only lower limb muscles, range of motion in seated hep flexion, prone hip extension, ankle planter and dorsi flexion, no-counter movement jump height, and ground contact time. Male participants were tested 30, 60, 90, and one120 seconds after static stretching. The group partake in an 18 subtle static stretch routine for the lower body (hamstrings, quadriceps, and plan ter flexors). 45 seconds was the protocol stretch time used for each muscle group and was restate four generation with a 15 second break in-between. Shirier (2005) demonstrate differences in the acute (just before exercise) and regular stretching (over a period of time). Results declared that there was no world-shaking benefit of acute stretching on isometric force production, isokinetic torque, or jumping height. In addition, (Shirer 2005 pg 25) concluded by truism that regular stretching after exercise may improve strength, jump height, and running speed. As a result these findings imply that acute stretching before exercise had no positive effect on strength and power while regular stretching after training or competition ameliorate strength and speed. Results did not relate to the acute effects of static stretching but only the acute effects of isometric force. Again this study provides significant manifest for the effects of stretching on performance, however the time f rame used for the stretches in this study was 45 seconds and 30 seconds has been proven in the former study to be the optimal time. This extended period of time could therefore affect the force production and therefore the results.A similar study by Fowles (2000) that supports Shirer (2005) body of evidence showed the effect of stretching on muscular strength over time. (Fowles 2000 pg 1179) Subjects performed 13 stretches of the plantar flexors, holding each stretch for 135 seconds during a time frame of 33 minutes. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) was assessed 6 times during the ensuing 60 minutes. Fowles (2000) concluded that an intense extended stretch (of the plantar flexors) reduces MVIC for up to 1 hour after stretching. Although this evidence supports that of Shirier (2005) it is not relevant to sports performance as proven by Bandy (1997) the time for both holding the stretch and time spent on stretching is too long and therefore is not specific to sports per formance and is not relevant.A more sport specific study was through by (Sayers AL 2008) who performed a study using 20 female football players to determine which phase of the 30 meter sprint (acceleration and or maximum velocity) was affected by performance static stretching. Participants were assigned at random to either a stretch or no stretch condition on two non-consecutive days. The athletes in the no-stretch condition completed a bar warm-up protocol and indeed performed three 30-m sprints, with a 2-minute rest detachment between. The athletes in the stretch condition performed the standard warm-up protocol, completed a stretching routine of the lower limbs which included calf, quadriceps, and hamstrings and then without chink performed three 30-m sprints, also with a 2-minute rest between each sprint. The groups would then reverse the next day, and indistinguishable procedures were followed. A long statistical difference in acceleration maximal-velocity sprint time, and overall sprint time between the stretch and no-stretch conditions was seen. (Sayers AL 2008 pg 1420) concluded by stating that static stretching before sprinting resulted in pokey times in all three performance variables. Although this study proves that static stretching diminishes spitting performance it does not state the time held with the stretches. Again this study is gender specific and as studies has proven significant differences between male and females relating in flexibility and spots performance we cannot assume these results are relevant for both genders.Favero (2009) took this further by relating flexibility to performance investigating the effect of stretching on sprint performance and baseline flexibility. 10 trained male subjects (age 22 to 23 yrs) were randomly designated to Rest and Stretch conditions. (Favero 2009 pg 52) A low intensity 5 min running warm-up procedure was followed by either 12 min of inactivity (Rest) or lower-limb stretches. No statistically s ignificant difference in measures of sprint performance between conditions were seen, however there was a significant cor social intercourse between baseline sit-and- authorise scores and mean change in mean velocity between conditions. There was an preference for stretching to a slanderous affect on sprint performance in subjects with moderately high baseline flexibility. (Favero 2009 pg 54) concluded by saying an acute bout of stretching does not exert a significant effect on sprint performance under prescribed conditions. This research therefore disputes previous studies which state that stretching effects sprinting performance. Unlike the previous studies Favero (2009) compared the difference in flexibility compared to the sprinting performance, therefore making the results specific, reliable and valid. Unfortunately there is a lack of evidence and current data to support this conclusion.Kistler (2008) conducted a similar study to see what would happen to these performance effe cts at longer distances such as those seen in competition.(Kistler 2008 pg. 2281) This study investigated the effects of passive static stretching vs no stretching on the 60- and 100-m sprint performance of college track athletes after a dynamic warm-up. Results discovered a considerable slowing in performance with static stretching in the second 20 (20-40) m of the sprint trials. Following the first 40 m, static stretching exhibited no added affect on performance in a 100-m sprint. However, even tho there was no further time loss, athletes never retrieved back the time that was initially lost in the first section of the trials. Therefore, in strict terms of sporting performance, it is probable that including static stretching pull up stakes have a diminishing affect of sprinting performance up to 100 meters. (Kistler 2008 pg. 2283) went on to say that the study found no additional inhibition during the final 60 m of a 100-m dash, therefore it is possible that performance in even l onger events could actually benefit from static stretching. This study supports that of previous literature and supplies solid evidence to propose that static stretching has an effect on sprinting performance at short distances however many athletes use stretching as a method of injury prevention and increase range in motion, and this study does not provide any information about the effectiveness of static stretching in this regard.SummaryAll but 1 study found that an acute bout of stretching diminished performance tests of sprinting, or jumping performance tear down though most studies used a randomised cross-over design some studies used a pre-post design. Results were in general constant across designs. Static stretching was used in most of the studies, even tho there are many other appropriate methods used to stretch. Affects were however was observed with other forms of stretching as well. The review showed body of evidence suggesting that these affects were consistent across different types of stretching for isometric force, isokinetic torque, and jump height. Even though different types of stretching in running produced incompatible results, the main methodological difference was the duration of stretch, which was inconsistent and had no explanation for the use of the time used. As a result it was found that longer stretch produced worse results. In relation there was limited research on acute effects after stretching in relation to range of motion and flexibility.A huge variable to consider was the subject population as most studies found similar results across age, gender and level of athletic ability. This may suggests the results are due to fundamental physiological adaptations that occur in the muscle, a hypothesis that is supported by the critical science evidence on stretch-induced muscle damage and stretch-induced hypertrophy (Morgan 1999). Possible improvements in performance may be at the expense of an increased risk of injury. Therefore the advantages and disadvantages of stretching need to be considered for individual athletes, together with but not partial to competition level, competition timing (e.g., early or late in the season). Although different forms of performance were tested in these studies, including isokinetic, isometric force, jump height, jump velocity, acceleration, and sprint speed, these do not account for all aspects of performance. In addition, stretching may be a method of relaxation for athletes, and may possibly affect performance. If this were a method to improve performance, then stretching should be compared with other methods of relaxation for quantifiable effectiveness.In summary, the literature suggest that for athletes who take part in sports that require power, strength, and explosive movements need to consider that static stretching before activity may cause a short-term decline in sprinting performance. Conversely, frequent stretching will advance the results for all activities. This i s comparable to the fact that stretching directly prior to exercise does not diminish the possibility of injury, nevertheless regular stretching may reduce the risk of injury. Therefore, athletes should stretch after exercise, or at a time not associated to exercise.Further research is necessary to ascertain both the degree of pre-stretching necessary to cause a damaging effect, and the time-course between the preservation of the increased range of motion and the prolongation of the capacity to generate maximal power.MethodologyThe focus of this study was to test the length of time taken with a stretch and compare this to the performance of both sprinting and flexibility.30 male participants were recruited from Cheddar Football club. Subjects were required to read and complete a health questionnaire and sign an informed hold document. The appropriate institutional ethics committee approved the study. The participants were not informed of the results until the study was completed. A convenience sample was used as a high volume of participants were readily available and allowed basic data and trends to be obtained without the complications of using a randomised sample. All participants regular play football and are subjected to sprinting. This makes my sample specific and relative to athletic performance where as an ideal sample results may differ due to gender, age, and athletic ability differences. A secondary beholder was used to record the results and help time the pre stretches. This ensured subject were monitored, and therefore helped ensure the test procedure was followed correctly. The 30 males partaked in both a pre sit and reach flexibility test and a 40 meter sprint. Participants were subjected to a 5 min protocol warm up prior to the pre test comprising of jogging four hundred m, forth skips 2 x 60 m, side steps 4 x 20 m, backwards skips 2 x 60 m. Participants only had 1 attempt at each of the pre test. To minimise variation in climatic condition s, all sprints were performed on an indoor track using running trainers. The sprints were initiated from a standard stationary split stance with the dominant foot to the front and foot behind the starting line, with no rocking movements and were timed with (Omoron electronic timing gate). Timing gates were used to ensure the most accurate readings as the difference in times will be minimal, therefore this will ensure there is no room for human error, therefore making the results more reliable. The time would start as soon as the participant travels through the first beam and then would stop when the participant travels through the beam 40 meters from the starting line. To control for error, the laser beam was positioned so the height above the ground approximated the height of the runners waist. The sit and reach test was then performed 2 minutes after the 40 meter sprint. A modified sit and reach test was used to control for the variable lengths of peoples arms and legs, which is a limitation of the standard test. The equipment was set up that, the zero mark is adjusted for each individual, based on their sitting reach level. This ensured that the result would be a positive number which is necessary for a statistical analysis. An (Acuflex) modified flexibility sit and reach test box was used to record the test.ProcedureThree different stretch protocols were used, with each protocol being performed on a different day. Group 1 would hold the stretch for 30 seconds, group 2 for 15 seconds and group 3 would stretch for 5 seconds. All groups were given the same protocol warm up as the pre test. The stretching activities were ones that the athletes normally used in their daily warm-up rituals. All groups then stretch their hamstrings, quadriceps, and gastrconemuis for their given times. For each activity, the range of motion was increased until the someone acknowledged a stretch-induced discomfort similar to that normally felt during their daily stretching activit ies. At this point, the stretch was maintained for their given times.The first stretch was a hamstring stretch. The subjects laid down in a supine position on the floor with a leg extended. The opposing leg was flexed at the patella at 90 degrees and hip 45 degrees, with the sole of the foot planted tightly on the floor. From this pose, the extended leg was raised to an upright position. The second was a quadriceps stretch. The participant adopted a vertical position, standing on one leg with the other leg flexed with the heel pulled close to the glutes with the help of the hand. The die hard stretch was the glastocnemius. The participant adopted a split stance shoulder width apart with the front leg slightly bent. The body weight is transferred forward whilst keeping the heel of the back foot on the ground. All stretches were performed in the order mentioned above, in accordance of a 30 second rest interval dividing each different stretch. Once this sequence of stretches was fini shed, the leg was rested for a further 30 seconds and then the sequence was repeated until all muscles were equally stretched 3 times. One full cycle of stretches on one leg was performed before changing legs. Following the stretching regime, the athletes were told to relax for 3 minutes before germ the 40 meter sprints.The modified sit and reach test followed the 40 meter sprint. The test involved sitting on the floor with legs stretched out sequential ahead. Footwear was removed. The soles of the feet were placed flat against the box. Both knees were locked and pressed to the floor with the palms facing downwards, and the hands on top of each other or side by side, the subject then reached forward along the measuring line as far as possible. The hands had to remain at the same level, not one reaching further forward than the other. The subject then reaches out and holds that position for two seconds while the distance is recorded.Groups repeated the test 1week later changing the time of the stretch. 1 week wash out time was given to ensure significant time to recover. This was again repeated the following week with the groups changing the times once again. I have used repeated measure as it ensured the experiment was more efficient and helped keep the variability low. This therefore helped to keep the robustness of the results higher, while still allowing for smaller than usual subject groups. It also allowed the experiments to be completed more quickly, as only a few groups need to be used to complete the entire experiment. It is important to make sure the experiment is completed quickly as changes in participants may occur due to practice effects.The two pre- and two post-sprint times were averaged. Data was analysed using qualitative measures. The reliability of the 40 meter times for each stretch condition was calculated using an intraclass correlation coefficient on pre test measures. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures was used to compare the times for each stretch condition. I have used this method of testing as it will reduce the likelihood of a false positive (type 1 error). For this reason using the ANOVA will help me compare three means. In addition to the above analysis on the average 40 m sprint times, a post-hoc analysis was done on the best time for each trial. I have used these methods of testing as they have been used in many of the reviewed literature. Therefore I know these methods are applicable and will therefore allow me to easily compare my results to previous literature. To prove my hypothesis, I have used a roughhewn alpha value of 0.05 (5%).Parametric (anova) or non Parametric

ICICI Bank Limited Operations Management

ICICI Bank Limited Operations ManagementICICI marge Ltd is extendedst private sector buzzword in India. ICICI fix offers large range of financial product and services. Retail savings situateing section of ICICI bound is de bureaumentalised into three units namely branch banking, sales and trading trading operations. Regional affect centre (RPC) under operations unit is responsible for impact and implementation of products and services offered by bank for allocated geographical region.With huge customer pes and large number of services offered, operations unit has to frequently face fluctuation in serveing volume. As banks are dealing with huge amount of minutes under regulated environment the cleverness management posit to be implemented carefully while maintaining required forest standards. The essay is foc utilize on retail liability operations unit of ICICI bank. The purpose of this essay is to critically analyse the ICICI banks approach for managing its capac itor and grapple with displace volume or kind of fluctuating request with same woodland.EXECUTIVE SUMMARYICICI Bank has been introduced and the sphere of analytic thinking has been confined to retail liability section of operations unit. Overview of process at operations unit is defined by using Slacks (2009) model of Input-Transformation-Output. Capacity and want for Regional processing centre is explained. Method use by ICICI bank to calculate the cleverness of operations unit and exclusive resource at operation unit is explained and also shown in mathematical form. Idea of impelling and potential content is briefly introduced. pack -capacity mismatch is explained. Forecasting of film is explained by divided it into long consideration and short term take away portend, the demand john either be predictable as hearty as unpredictable. Few illustrative cases are topn to show how forecast about boot in volume cornerstone be wedded from blushts that can be predic ted.Capacity management methods suggested by scholars are explained and the existing pip at bank is analysed in light of literature. It is deduced that chase demand mean is employ by bank to manage capacity in short term. Use of manage demand plan by bank at certain(prenominal) departments under RPC is suggested.Quality go forths related to fluctuation in demand and capacity has been raised and implementation of coping strategies at bank has been explained. Finally recommendations are given to manage capacity of RPC for juicy demand and suggestions are given to maintain quality under fluctuating demand and capacity.It is concluded that capacity management can affect the quality of service provided to customer under high demand and how capacity planning back up by demand forecast can help to address the issue of demand capacity match while maintaining quality of service providedPROCESS commentAs per (Slack et al, 2009), under Input-Transformation-Output model branches and sal es unit provide input to regional processing centre(operations unit) in the form of customer service request and processing request of financial product sold to customer. Now these inputs are processed at RPC and output is in the form of service provided to customers. For example account inauguration forms, term deposit request and passable instruments etc. processed at RPC provides the services and facility provided by bank to customer.Though operations unit at ICICI bank is non generating business directly besides efficient operative of this unit en authoritatives customer satisfaction, compliance with commutation bank statutes and prevention of fraudsCAPACITY AND drive Facet of Operations at ICICI Bank accord to Hill (2005) capacity of operations unit at ICICI bank can be explained as resources to process customer request in limited time frame and desired quality. The resources at RPC are gang of stave, dodgings and facility required to produce desired output. For exampl e number of negotiable instruments processed per day with given resources is the capacity of payment and settlement department of RPC. Demand is the requirements of the customers to avail the service and products offered by bank.Now, when it is clear that capacity has time dimension the variation in output is affected by all input elements to the RPC. So the variety of products and service packages offered by bank give rise to variations in the input and demand placed on the operations unit. Another aspect of the equation is to know about demand and its duration. This in maneuver is enclosed in a knowledge of the volume, variety, and variation in demand and in the nature of that demand (Armistead et al, 1991).As per Slack et. al (2009) ICICI bank need to know its capacity to get word demand. If capacity is low bank go away not be able to meet the demand resulting into customer dissatisfaction and if capacity is much that demand bank is paying for extra capacity. ICICI bank has a well defined method to calculate the capacity of RPC (operations unit) as well as individual staff at RPC. Bank use the method of productiveness calculation to identify the capacity to meet demand generated. Processing of services at RPC is supercharge divided into department and formed the teams to perform specific caper such(prenominal) as payments and settlement departments, account hatchway team, risk containment unit, transaction team. Overall task of the team is further divided into series of small tasks, which is formalised and same for all RPCs. After collating the inputs taken from line staff and team leads from all RPCs bank has prepared extensive list of all the task performed at RPC and the average time required to complete especial(a) task. Time requires to complete a particular task is termed as Hot time. Productivity of the individual staff is calculated as per formulaProductivity = Hot time Volume handledSummation of productivity of each employee in RPC is the productivity of RPC. It is used as means to calculate capacity of RPC to handle demand generated.Capacity of RPC go away never be unvarying even if demand is constant. The fluctuation of demand on instantly to daily basis may be such that it can be difficult to meet demand. At ICICI bank clearing of high level negotiable instrument has to be through with(p) in small time window of four hours from opening hours of bank. For such small time frame, with fluctuation of volume it can be difficult to handle demand with existing capacity. The ability to change capacity to lintel with changes in demand raises questions of the flexibility of the capacity (Slack et al, 2009). The interesting part is to find out that how an individual can emergence its capacity. It can be by engagementing hard, putting extra hours. But, as RPC is dealing with financial transaction worth Rs 150 million on daily basis standard of quality is indispensable to be retained to avoid wrong credits and compli ance with regulation guideline.To cope with the fluctuation of capacity, the idea of trenchant and potential capacity is useful (Lockyer et al.,1988). rough-and-ready capacity is the capacity which is available to the manager, whereas potential capacity is the capacities which can be used if manage can provide additional understandings to increase capacity. Both are short term decisions and pertain to the team and individual level sort of than to the organisation as a whole. Long term increases or decreases in capacity such as opening of new RPC and it allow have impact on whole branch ne devilrk under that RPC.DEMAND FORECASTAccording to Slack et al (2010) understanding of demand and capacity fluctuation is necessary to plan for future events, else it is only to react. For capacity planning forecast is a worth(predicate) input. Demand forecasting can be long term and short term. Demand can either be predictable or unpredictable. At ICICI bank short term forecasting for operat ions activity is done by respective team at RPC. Unpredictable variation in demand at RPC needs to be address with well planed capacity management scheme to fulfil the gap between demand and capacity. Short term forecast is used to plan the allocation of resources to meet the expected surge in demand. Short term variation in demand at banks is approximatelyly predictable though not with exact figures but a fair assumption of demand can be made by evaluating historical data and trends as well as prevailing market situation. Example of negotiable instrument processing team is taken to illustrate the probable factors influencing fluctuation in demand, factors can beHoliday for few days in row-It exit increase demandNatural calamity- It pass on decrease demandFinancial year opening-closing- It will increase demandLaunch of popular IPO- It will increase demandMonthly payment cycle for payment of advances- It will increase demandThough this is not extensive list but it provides the ro ugh idea of factors influencing fluctuation in demand. Similarly, at the time of campus recruitments bank can expect surge in requital account opening activity, increase in rate of interest on deposits will increase demand for term deposit requests and increase in work load at transaction department at last week of the month for salary credit process.Volume can be used as contestation of the trend in demand over a period of time. Long term forecast of demand is based on different standard forecast models. These forecast models are based on different set of assumption (Hill, 2005). Apart from these assumptions there are few more factors such as macroeconomic factors, planning to use new technology etc. Forecast can never be accurate all the generation .Over estimation of demand in forecast can lead to unnecessary expenditure on increasing capacity (Slack et al, 2009)). At ICICI bank long term estimation of demand is done at centralised unit keeping in mind the implementation of n ew technology, expected market share, change in regulation by central bank (Reserve bank of India) and quality of service offered by competitors etc.CAPACITY MANAGEMENTCapacity management is concerned with the matching of the capacity of the operating system and the demand placed on that system. (Wild, pg304, 2002). Capacity management is the way to balance demand from customers and the capacity of the RPC to meet the demand. Capacity management gives high emphasis on understanding the nature of demand by forecasting and on managing capacity to meet demand (Lovelock, 1984). Demand capacity mismatch is the issue which operations unit at bank has to handle frequently. According to Slack et al (2009) there are three plans available to tackle the issue of demand capacity mismatch, most of the organisations will use mixture of all the plans according to requirement of business. The plans areLevel capacity planChase demand planManage demand planLevel capacity planIn the level capacity pla n capacity remains same throughout the planning period even if demand forecast is fluctuating (Slack et al, 2009). In case of ICICI bank if capacity level is maintained uniform and if demand is high quite high from base level capacity. Bank will not be able to fulfil the service level promised to customer. In case of low demand bank will end up paying extra for underutilised resources. ICICI bank cannot afford level capacity plan, as opportunity cost for bank for not fulfilling demand may lead to breach of central bank regulations.Chase demand planChase demand plans try to match the capacity with change in demand. This plan can be reactive as well as proactive. If fluctuation in demand is unpredictable then change in capacity will be the reactive measure to match the demand. Chase will be proactive or well planned if fluctuation in demand can be predicted. Level of capacity can be controlled by changing the extent of resources bySharing of capacity between different departments at R PC.At ICICI bank, increase in volume at one department is handled by sharing the responsibility with segments of other department handling comparatively low volume. This arrangement is suggested to be most efficient by Slack et al (2010).Using vendor support for less critical service complying with banking regulation.At times of high volume at payments and settlement department activity like data entry of negotiable instrument and image capturing and encoding can be given to existing vendors in market. As banking is highly regulated sector, critical activities like credit and debit verification cannot be outsourced and it has to be done by bank official above certain specified grade.Shifts planned to cater peak volume of the dayWorking hours at ICICI bank is 12 hours, whereas working hour for each employee are nine hours. Each department at RPC has different peak time. For example payments and settlement department has peak volume at two different time first at around 10A.M. when h igh regard as cheques are verified and sent for clearing at around 11 A.M and other at around 3 P.M when all negotiable instrument collected during the day are verified. Two shifts are so arranged that each member of team is present at office to handle both peak hour volumes.Changing output rate.To increase output by expecting each staff at RPC to be more productive by working fast than his normal speed. This approach can be used as temporary measure. offer use of this method will deteriorate the quality of work and create dissatisfaction among staff (Slack et al, 2009)The outcome suggested above for managing demand- capacity gap is used at ICICI bank, but sharing of work with resources in other department can be possible if resources in other team are well trained to work in whatsoever department. Guideline given by central bank need to be updated to all employees in all departments at RPC to make sure about that employee comply with regulation and adhere to quality standard.T he purpose of chase demand plan is to maintain capacity closely in line with effective capacity thereby trying to attain maximum efficiency and service quality.Manage demand PlanAccording to Slack et al,(2009)demand management plan is used to change the pattern of demand to match it with available effective capacity. This method is used at ICICI bank for activity in which time frame is not a limiting factor for example request for term deposit can be processed on later date by providing harbor dated credit.QUALITY ASPECTAccording to Slack et al,(2009), quality needs to be understood from customers perspective because it is defined by customers expectations. At bank quality of processing is understood from customers point of view as well as from regulatory authoritys point of view. Managers use capacity management as a slit to minimise the trade-off between capacity to meet demand and quality of service offered.Quality of service, quality of processing and resource capacity are se rious in the tactic perspective as they interrupt the ability of the bank to attain its agonistical tactic described by a combination of added value and price (Bowman 1990).The importance of either quality or efficiency will to a large extent is driven by the competitive position of the Bank. If competitive advantage is gained by providing quality of service provided at comparatively high price then there will be more propensities to indulge in redundancy of capacity at times. If the bank is competing more on price then to increase capacity then is more likely that quality will take backseat. However with increasing expectations of customer for quality services ICICI bank is forced to maintain quality of service at lower prices in times of economic slowdown where bank need to maintain reputation.The crucial dimensions are those which win customers or those which if deteriorate may cause into loss of customers (Armistead 1991). ICICI bank was not able to take care of this factor at the time to highest growth at that point bank was handling very high volume thus with mentality to manage higher demand with existing capacity back actually neglected the quality aspect of services offered. Bank soon complete that it is losing customers more than creating new customers. In 2009 ICICI bank followed the policy to reconciliation by not going for aggressively to increase market share but rather focused on increase operations excellence and cost cutting, Bank actually used capacity management techniques for cost cutting. To increase the quality standards at bank RPCs has introduced memo system in which each error will be recorded in detail with proper root cause analysis and particular number of memo will lead to termination of employee.IMPLEMENTATION OF COPING STRATERGYAs the understanding of capacity management increased among service operations managers they started to balance capacity with demand. At ICICI bank operations manager started to work on capacity near bre akeven point and this is the capacity where things start to go wrong. miss in quality is observed when operating near breakeven point. We need a coping strategy which can be applicable on the short term inability to match effective with capacity and demand. As a sign to develop a coping strategy it is necessary that RPC should find its own combination of the chase and level plan byImproving its capability to forecastQuality target should be well described and monitoredSetting clear capacity target for team and fluctuating productivity target for individual employeeTo understand critical and hygiene dimensions of its quality (Armistead and Clark, 1991)To understand the possible failure points in operations unit (Armistead and Clark, 1991)To cope with demand capacity mismatch there are number of actions possible in the few coping casesChasing demand plan with juicy DemandIn this scenario capacity is chasing demand and demand is high. With frequent extended working hours for staff at bank to meet demand it is highly probable that staff will commit error. Risk here is that quality of the service provided to customer will go down. Whereas staff frequently working under such condition will fell stressed and may quit job which is not good for employer as money and time has been invested to train the employee. To improve situation we can make extensive plan to tackle situation of fluctuating high demand by identifying particular dates on which high demand is certain and allocating resources to concerned team accordingly.Chasing demand plan with Low DemandIt is scenario when demand is low and as capacity is chasing demand capacity will also be reduced. Since banking regulation in India does not allow part time workers in bank hence each resource is full time staff. As capacity for particular task has been reduced with decrease in demand targets are at risk. The possible actions areAccept it as time to rest and recover, this will help staff to be stress free.Complete other tasks like cleaning and arrange bread and butter of computer or cheque encoding machine. coda the tasks which do not have time limit but necessary to be completed.Arrange interdepartmental training so that resources can be develop to support other department.Level demand plan with High DemandIn this scenario it is not been possible to limit demand to match effective capacity. As capacity is fixed high demand will not be fully satisfied. In this case customer should be notified at time of receiving customer request that bank will not be able to process this request on timeLevel demand plan with Low DemandIt is the scenario when it has not been possible to stimulate sufficient demand to match effective capacity. In this case bank should utilize the spare resources.Transfer of resources to other maintenance tasks.Complete the backlog generated from period when demand Is high.RECOMMENDATIONSFor Short term fluctuation in demand resources cannot be increased at RPC. As per Indian banking regulation banks are not permitted to recruit part time staff though they can outsource the activity of data entry and image capturing and encoding of negotiable instruments. The theoretical solution given for the situation of high demand under chasing capacity plan is to transferring resources typically between back office and front office. This solution is yet not applied by ICICI bank. Sales and branch banking unit are also part of bank, using these resources in times of high demand will be the optimum use of resources available within the bank. At time of low demand interdepartmental training can be organised within the RPC, one member of each team can be nurtured to be buffer resource that can fill the place in any team in times of high demand. The recommendations given will be helpful to fully utilise the resource capacity available within the bank.For quality maintenance issue it is suggested to conduct an audit on daily basis by taking few samples from all processed lots. As bank has started to issue memos to recorded errors, employees will try to avoid any negligence from their part as certain number of memos can result into termination of employee from job.CONCLUSIONICICI bank has separate operations unit. So the volume handled by RPC (operations unit ) is quite high and the fluctuation in demand is also very high. The positive part is that RPC has many departments. The capacity of these departments can be utilized in case of surge in demand. Proper forecast for fluctuation in demand can be addressed by planning the capacity the pitching up the resources trained to tackle the volume surge of any department. Quality of the service will not be affected as bank is keeping an extra check by mean of concurrent audit and issuance of memo on error committed by employee will keep him vigilant while performing the task. Hence demand supply match can be obtained with maintained service quality is possible with proper capacity management.

Preserving Minority Languages

Preserving Minority LanguagesOn the other hand, according to Anthony Ellis, it would be trifling to insist that extinguishing of nomenclature causes extinction of culture because language is not whole culture but just one part of it (Ellis, 2005). Nevertheless, according to David Harrison, linguist and professor of the Swarthmore College, languages take for been shaped by populate to serve as repositories for cultural knowledge, efficiently packaged and readily distributetable across generations. (Harrison, 20077). In other words, it is crucial for homophile race to keep the conservation of nonage language due to its cultural values academic, cultural and social values.The first cultural value of nonage language is its academic value. Linguists especi completelyy have academic passion for protecting and researching minority languages. They should study many different languages to restore their all functions and structures of endangered languages. It must overly be noted that linguists need to train many youngsters at school to transmit their aborigine languages to neighboring generations. Moreover, one of most important reason why it is needed to keep minority languages researching is that academically new and attractive facts are always discovered in minority languages.Ubykh, one of minority language of the North-western tweed group spoken by the Ubykh people until the early 1990s, was regarded as a language which has a large number of consonants (Romaine, 2007). Recent researches, however, show that some Afri prat language have more consonants than Ubykhs. Furthermore, linguists found an African language called Hixkaryana, which has about 350 speakers. The reason why this language and its adjacent languages have an attention is that they are cases of language which place their object first when they make a sentence. For an instance, if the English sentence, I love you, is made, the sentence in Hixkaryana should be you love I instead of I love you. In the case of Korean and Japanese, they have the archetypal structural order, Subject + Object + Verb(SOV). They say I you love whilst English speakers say I love you. It is clear that contemporary English has self-evident sentence order, Subject + Verb + Object(SVO). However, Irish puts its verb first. Unfortunately, linguists predict that object-initial languages such as Hixkaryana will vanish in the next century. (Nettle Romaine, 200011)At this point, it should be academically asked that why object-initial languages are hard to survive in the modern era. This is the academic question which needs to be examined by researching minority languages. There will be a number of these kinds of academic questions from minority languages. This academic knowledge will be a great legacy for valet de chambre race. This is why we impact minority languages.The second cultural value of minority language is the value about its heathen identity. One of the most important factors of ethnic ide ntity is language. In the time of globalisation, identity of people is defined by the language that they speak and write rather than the region that people live. For an example, although every people in London speak common language, English, it is unsure that all of them are English people because some of them have their native languages. It way of life that people can find their ethnic identity when they speak their native languages.The importance of ethnic identity acquired by using native languages is closely related with issue elevation of each country. For example, one of the urgent issues of Ukraine after independence in 1991 was to establish its linguistic identity to rise up the stature of nation-state. After breaking up Soviet-union, one of differences amongst other nation-states and Ukraine was the influence of Russian. Unlike other nation-states, Russians was used in more widely and still made an impact on culture, science, counselling and so on in Ukraine. In this s ituation, Ukraine declared the new constitution and it expressed clearly that there is only one national language. By this process, Ukrainian became only one official language of Ukraine. People who used Ukrainian thought that people who still used Russian didnt have any ethnic identity as the member of Ukraine (Zhurzhenko, 2002).For another example of historically dark side, during the Japanese occupation in the past, Hangeul, Korean native language made by Sejong the Great in 1443, was strictly banned to use among Koreans as a colonial policy for ethnocide. Koreans were forced to change even their Hangeul names to Japanese names. Koreas national stature could not help fall.These historical facts above clearly demonstrate that language can not be divided from the ethnic identity. For this reason, if minority languages execute extinct, the ethnic identity of those who use minority language will be disappeared as well.The third cultural value of minority language is its aesthetic va lue. both language has its aesthetic values. This is expressed by art works through languages such as novels, poets and even music. Research has shown that there is the tendency to regard analogies between artforms and linguistic structures as relevant and illuminating. (Kraut, 2007177). It is said that Jazz improvisation is analogous to spontaneous speech.(ibid). In other words, it means that all minority languages have their anomalous aesthetic values.For an instance, China is unified multiracial nation and 56 tribes are living together in an extensive land. The numbers of minority tribes languages are well-nigh 60. Even though they are minority languages, their aesthetic values are proved by their literatures. Tibetians literary value is excellent and its Gesaer, written in the thirteenth century BC, has been well-known as the longest heroic epic over the world. Dong, one of minority ethnic groups in China has their native language, Kradai. It is told that Kradai is a wasteful ness of musical value because it has various tones and vocabularies. Kradai has been developed in unique musical ways of Dongs people. It is known that Kradai is the most complex language over the world because it has 15 tones whilst the language of the Han race in China has 4 tones. As a matter of fact, its complexity contributed to make its aesthetic value. Therefore, it is natural that this great value dies if minority languages of Chinas minority ethnic groups die.For these three cultural values, which are academic, ethnic and aesthetic values, it is self-evident that minority languages are definitely deserved to be protected and transmit to their next generations as their great legacy. That is to say, minority languages are not a part of culture and a method of communications but culture itself. When a language dies, a culture dies.ConclusionIn conclusion, it is urgently asked at this time to protect minority languages. Firstly, it is essential that the endangered languages oug ht to be found, stabilised all linguistic functions and all people help them be transmitted to next generations. Secondly, it is needed to make preserving minority languages be an important part of Conservation ethic. It means that people should realise that our language is equally one of the great natural environments and endeavour to protect our linguistic environment. Lastly, there has to be unremitting exertion for native language education even if it is minority language. For an instance, some Korean scholars pointed out to Koreas education environment just focused on English instead of Hangeul, Korean language and predicted there will be no Hangeul after 200 years if we keep this education system. Minority language education is important in particular for next generations. Therefore, the fact that extinction of a language engenders extinction of a culture should be remembered to all generations and make a great effort to preserve minority languages.BibliographyEllis, Anthony (2005). Minority Rights and the Preservation of Languages. Cambridge Journals 199-217. The Royal institute of Philosophy.Harrison, David. K. (2007). When Languages Die The Extinction of the Worlds Languages and the Erosion of Human Knowledge. USA, Oxford University Press.http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7206411.stm (Accessed 08 November 2010).Kraut, Robert. (2007). Artworld Metaphysics. Oxford Scholarship Online January 2008.Nettle, D. and S. Romaine (2000). Vanishing voices the extinction of the worlds languages. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Romaine, Suzanne. (2007). Preserving endanger Languages. Language and Linguistics compass 1/1-2115-132. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.Zhurzhenko, Tatiana. (2002). Language Politics in Contemporary Ukraine Nationalism and Identity Formation. IWM Junior Visiting Fellows Conferences, Vol. XII/2.

Music Copyright Infringement Essay -- Napster Laws Essays

Music Copyright Infringement MP3 is an audio format that allows users to compress and send euphony files easily over the Internet. The major problem with this music overlap is that most of the files are pirated, which has caused a stir in the music industry. Music companies and music artists have been complaining round how their music is being stolen and therefrom lowering their album sales. The major blame has been put on Napster and other file sharing software available on the Internet. Napster was a music sharing software that was shut down because of copying and distributing unauthorized MP3 files that violated the United States and foreign copyright laws. One of the major reasons why Napster was shutdown is because of Lars Ulrich, the drummer for the wad Metallica. Lars Ulrich complained about Napster and how his music was being shared illegally on the Internet. To stop this Lars filed a complaint against Napster and then personally presented Napster with t he names of thousands of Napster users who have allegedly been trading the bands songs online without permission. This created a major problem for Napster as this was brought up to the United States Supreme Court. Napster argued in court that music is for sharing and all that Napster does is give nation the opportunity to talk about what music they like what music they want to trade. The RIAA argued that sharing files over the Internet is illegal because the files are stolen and not copyrighted. Evidently Napster preoccupied the court battle and therefore was forced to shutdown causing millions of users to find another mood to share music files over the Internet. Shutting down of Napster caused a major race for who would be the next major softwa... ...iles. In the end music industries fear that people will inevitably stop buying CDs causing the industry to be out of business. It is trying to do all that it can to keep the music industry going strong by going to cou rts and filing lawsuits against piracy. But as technology improves and more and more people are learning how to download and burn their own CDs, this chip against piracy will almost be impossible. The decrease in sale has been very noticeable and it will only continue to fall. It seems like the only way to stop illegal file sharing is to shut down the internet. But the chances of that happening are not good therefore the music industry has their march cut out for them. Click Here For Some Linkshttp//newsfactor.com/perl/story/4704.htmlhttp//news.com.com/2100-1023-252862.html?legacy=cnethttp//www.napstermp3.com/news.htm

Medicine in the Middle Ages :: essays research papers

Medicine in the Middle Ages We are very lucky today. When we are sick we go and describe the doctor, and he or she can usually make us better with the use of medicine. It wasnt like this in the medieval era. People didnt drop dead very long at all. Two out of every 10 babies died in the first year of life and most people didnt have past 40. Wealthy people, who could afford trained doctors might live up to 10 years longer.There werent many trained doctors in europium in the Middle Ages . In Paris in 1274 there were only 8 doctors and about 40 people practising medicine without any official information and they didnt really understand how the body worked and why people got sick. When making a diagnosis doctors might consult medical books, astrological charts and urine samples. rough doctors taked indisposition was caused by bad smells or small worms, or the position of the planets or stars. They also charged very high fees, so only the comfortable could afford them.Although su rgical operations were performed, they did not know about sanitisation and there were no anaesthetics. Most patients died from infection or shock.Many people didnt believe in medicine at all. The most commonly used treatment was prayer. Ordinary people relied on methods their parents and grandparents used, such as lucky charms, sorcerous spells and herbal cures. Some of the herbal cures were quite useful.The monks who looked after sick travellers in the monasteries were very skilled in using herbs. Some modern medicines are found on the herbs used in medieval times.In the 13th century Kings were believed to be able to cure illness, particularly the skin disease scrofula, just by touching the ill person.During the 14th century most of Europe was struck by a devastating disease called the Black Death, or bubonic plague. This disease was carried by flees which lived on rats. When the rats died, the flees jumped onto humans and spread the disease. Even though the Black Death was contr olled in Europe by 1351, it came back regularly over the nigh 150 years. Dr Medi Evil has kindly agreed to come to the school today to help solve some of your medical problems.Hello everyone. Now Rachel, I believe you have the fever. This is because you have too much blood. I will put blood sucking leaches on you and this should fix your problem.