Poverty and Rural Areas

I-INTRODUCTION P all everyplacety re chief(prenominal)s the most circumstantial social problem that dread(a)cts to be addressed. Philippines destitution aviation attach individuals earning less than 16,841 Peso a year. According to the data from the field statistical Coordination Board, to a greater extent than one-quarter (26. 5%) of the population f wholes below the meagreness line in 2009. This figure is a much lower figure as comp atomic number 18d to the 33. 1% in 1991. The decline has been slow and un regular(a), much slower than coterminous countries who experienced b avenuely similar numbers in the 1980s, such as Peoples Republic of China (PRC), Thailand, Indonesia (which indigence level lies at 8. %) or Vietnam (13. 5%). This shows that the incidence of want has remained monumentally racy as comp atomic number 18d to other countries for close a decade now. The unevenness of the decline has been attri howevered to a large wheel of in come brackets across regi ons and sectors, and also unmanaged population ontogeny. The Philippines want rate is roughly the equivalent level as Haiti. The government mean to eradicate pauperization as stated in the Philippines reading Plan (PDP). The PDP for the next six historic consummation be an annual economic harvest-home of 7-8% and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).Under the MDGs, Philippines committed itself to halving extreme poverty from a 33. 1% in 1991 to 16. 6% by 2015. Understanding Philippine poverty II-CURRENT ISSUES Understanding Philippine poverty By BERNARDO VILLEGAS MANILA, Philippines in that respect fuck off literally been dozens of studies on Philippine poverty over the last decade or so, by economists in Philippine universities, the World banking concern, the Asian Development Bank and other global agencies. The latest one is entitled Examining recent trends in poverty, inequality, and vulner susceptibility compose by Dr.Jose Ramon Albert and Mr. Andre Philippe Ramos of the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) which has produced over the years or so very useful policy-oriented studies that foundation guide decision making in both the government and the private sector. The conclusion of the study is not a very happy one. As based on statistics released by the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) for 2000, 2003, and 2006, poverty in the Philippines is leaven not to have well changed since the start of the millennium.Although there was a reduction of the pro component of the population who were considered light from 33. 6 portionage in 2000 to 30 percent in 2003, the poverty rate in 2006 appendd to practically where it was at the beginning of the millennium at 32. 9 percent. impoverishment has remained mostly unchanged and has also keep to be a predominantly agrarian phenomenon, with three out of every(prenominal) four persons found in the sylvan areas. The outlook looks even bleake r if the Philippine economy continues to grow at the same pace as it did in the last decade or so.It will take to a greater extent than 17 years for half of the poor to exit poverty even if the per capita incomes of all persons in the country were to amplify uniformly by 2 percent annually (adjusted for inflation). It will take an average time of 40 years for the poor to exit poverty if annual offset per capita is at 1 percent. It is quite evident from these travailions that the Philippine economy essential grow at 7 percent or more annually for the next 10 or more years for there to be a significant reduction in poverty.A 7 percent growth in gross domestic product would beggarly about 5 percent annual growth in per capita income since population growth is a little under 2 percent per annum. The experiences of the East Asian countries over the last twenty years ( in particular China) is that a growth of at least(prenominal) 7 percent in gross domestic product annually for 20 years or more can make out a significant dent on mass poverty. The Philippines has not attain this sustained growth of 7 percent or more over the last two decades mainly because of flawed economic policies based on import-substitution industrialization and an utter neglect of countryside and agricultural development.We can be cheerful that the 7 percent or more growth is attainable in the next decade or so because lessons have been learned from the one-time(prenominal) errors. Today, there is greater emphasis on export-oriented industrialization and more importantly, there is keener focus on rural and agricultural development. A greater portion of the capital budget of the Government is being spent on farm-to-market roads, irrigation organisations, and post-harvest facilities. No longer is agriculture considered as the Cinderella of development. The study of Dr. Albert and Mr.Ramos also showed that in the rural areas, those at the lower and middle portions of the income distri bution benefited less from growth during the period studied than those at the upper end of the distribution. They found out that temporary hookup inequality went down as a whole for the country and urban areas for the period 2000 to 2006, the rural areas suffered from increase inequality largely brought about by differences in the top of the income distribution ladder. In view of these changes in income distribution, head count poverty in the country decreased only by 0. 7 percent.Had there been no worsening of the inequality seen in the rural areas where the upper-income groups were the ones who benefited more from growth, headcount poverty would have fallen from 33. 6 percent to 22. 6 percent. The very modest gains in the fight against poverty can be attributed to improper targeting mechanisms for propoor projects and the absence of monitoring and evaluation systems for program execution. The authors recommended that propoor public interventions that do not seem to have an sham should be reoriented, especially those with implementation and targeting issues.Policies and programs oriented toward the prevention of the transmission of poverty from one generation to the next, especially by way of human resource investings and population management essential be essential components of any sustainable reduction strategy of poverty and vulnerability. The authors have something positive to say about the controversial program of the constitute Administration of conditional capital transfers to the poorest of the poor. They opine that a conditional cash transfer program, if well executed and monitored, shows promise. Improving nonfarm income in rural areas must also be a policy thrust.My view is that these nonfarm incomes can come from tourism, transport and telecom, processed food products, housing and construction, garments and clothing accessories and other meek and medium-scale enterprises that can be located in the rural areas once road and telecom net fi gures are improved. The Philippine nautical highway is a substantive asset for the mobilization of non-farm rural employment. The Report concludes that sustained economic growth can dramatically reduce poverty (which would flirt with at least 7% annual GDP growth for the next twenty years) but this entails a serious management of resources, including population management. If by population management, the authors mean a drastic redistribution of the 93 million masses in the Philippines forth from monstrous urban areas like Metro Manila to the sparsely dwell regions such as Isabela, Cagayan, Aurora, Quezon, Bicol, Leyte, Samar and numerous other rural areas, then they are right. With improved rural infrastructures such as farm-to-market roads, domestic seaports and airports, telecom facilities and educational institutions, this more efficient distribution of population will go a long way to reducing poverty in the rural areas. and if they mean reducing family sizes, the authors are contradicting themselves. They repeat over and over again that poverty is predominantly a rural phenomenon and is concentrated in the households of small farmers who are poor because they have been deprived by the State of the support infrastructures they need to earn decent incomes. They have to draw water from the rivers, plow their handle with the most primitive methods, bring their goods to the market using roads in the most horrible state of disrepair, etc. How can you tell these rural families to have only two children?The only resources they have precisely are their children, who many times are asked to leave school at an archaean age because they are needed for farm work. Until the rural infrastructures are significantly improved, these rural families would need and want to have many children. III-DEDUCTIVE REASONING REFLECTING IF pauperization volition HAPPEN TO OUR FAMILY WE WILL FACE IT TOGETHER I WILL HELP MY PARENTS TO EARN MONEY SO THAT WE CAN EAT 3X A DAY . INTERPRETING Conditionwhere peoples basicneedsforfood, clothing, and shelter are not being met.Poverty is generally of twotypes (1) Absolute poverty is correspondent with destitution and occurs when people cannotobtainadequateresources(measured intermsofcaloriesor nutrition) tosupporta minimum level of physicalhealth. Absolute povertymeansabout the same everywhere, and can be eradicated as exhibit by somecountries. (2) Relative poverty occurs when people do not enjoy a certain minimum level of living standards as determined by agovernment(and enjoyed by thebulkof thepopulation) that change from country to country, sometimes within the same country.Relative poverty occurs everywhere, is said to be increasing, and may never be eradicated. APPLYING More people need to cook that jail really is not worth the trouble, when a legal system for earning is available, as long as, one is willing to learn about it. Those who work line of credits that they hate, do so, because they have no ot her choice or cannot see what other choices they do have. Millions of people go to work every day, godforsaken with their boss or superior, and dread walking in the door.Their job does nonentity to stimulate their learning or allow them to gain anything new. It is a fiendish shame that many jobs have become departmentalized dead-end, non- cash making positions. You routinely go in and do the same thing over again, there is no growth out of your position. It is not meant to have a direct impact on profits, but does have an indirect effect on profits. The poverty problem, like I said earlier, is just a lack of knowledge. There are plenty of people who simply do not have the knowledge they need or require, to progress forward.There are some people who have addiction problems, and ended up homeless, because they were most likely not brought up properly. This is attributed to many different factors, but most of all family. EVALUATING speedy Population Growth Given that the population of the Philippines is increasing at a rapid rate of 2. 36% per year, it can be translated as an increase of more than 5,000 people daily in a country, which already has an increase of more than four million poor people since 1985. In 1985, the unequivocal number of people living in poverty was 26. 5 million.This increased to 30. 4 million in 2000 and from 2006 to 2009, increased by almost 970,000 Filipinos from 22. 2 million to 23. 1 million. As the Philippines has financially limited resources and a high poverty rate, the rapid increase in population has become a problem because there is already insufficient resources to support the population, which leaves much few resources to improve the economy. From 2003 to 2006, even though the Philippines experienced above-average economic growth, the poverty incidence actually increased as a result of its population growth rate.Unemployment Poverty reduction has not kept up with GDP growth rates, largely due to the high unemployment rate, high inflation rate and roomy income inequality. From 2000 to 2009, the economy of Philippines grew by 3. 2% on average annually, which was on par with the economic performance of its neighbors. However, this recent growth did not translate into more jobs. Unemployment in the Philippines has been high in comparison to its neighbors, at around 7. 5% to 8. 0% since 2006.Sources Philippine Development Plan Asian Development Bank (ADB), 2010 National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) *Average for the period 2001-2010 As the humannesss second largest archipelago, the Philippines have faced difficulty in job creation due to its inability to attract more foreign, direct investments. Diwa Guinigundo, whom is the rudimentary Bank Deputy Governor, mentioned that while capital flows are turning to the rising markets, foreign, direct investments to the Philippines remain relatively low due to the sick investment climate.The Philippines have hefty business procedures, poor tax and cust oms administration, weak protection against expropriation and high-energy cost. This poor investment climate has limited the Philippines ability to grow and create jobs. Therefore, the poverty rate remains constant over the years. SOLVING PROBLEM 1. Employment generation Carefully and extensively planned employment programs funded by the government can spur growth in jobs. Industries requiring substantial labour forces can also be given up significantly larger aid from the government.Focus should be placed on developing companies that sally sustainable and long-term jobs to the community. Companies should also budget sufficiently for employee training and tie in community programs, so that employees and prospective employees can keep their skills relevant and up-to-date. 2. gulp on various social institutions to fund poverty fighting programs e. g. charities, enquiry institutions, U. N. , non-profit organizations, universities. Money funnelled from every organization available a dds up to powerful sums that can produce tangible change.When organizations develop an interest, albeit vested, they tend to be more strongly motivated. Organizations that have a concrete goal to achieve with strict project plans are able to efficiently concentrate their efforts into producing change. For this reason charities with numerous middlemen organizations should be discouraged to ensure money reaches those in need. Importance should be given to organizations that follow the teach a man to fish ideology earlier than the give the man a fish one, unless in extremely dire emergency circumstances. 3. Transparency in government go acrossingWhere and how a government chooses to spend taxpayers money and its own revenue should be visible to the media and the common man. This makes governments responsible for their actions and inaction becomes easier to pinpoint and address. It also discourages corruption in government systems. For example, transparence will be especially benefi cial to civilians whose government might be allotting money to its nuclear weapons program instead of to its poverty programs. CONCLUSION The main problem in our country nowadays is poverty. Many experts made a research on how to solve it.Most in the community of the Philippines are graving. But sad to say that until now it is still in the stage of calamity. Poverty happens everywhere. They think citiesmay crack them a disclose-off living. They think theyll be much better off living in the cities than in their own villages, which only offer them natural resources. Being rich and having a great sum of money instantly are often the cause of massive exodus. What happens later is beyond their expectations they become jobless, homeless, and the worse impact is that they are unable to return to their villages for they dont even have money to return.Most poor people who battle hunger wrap up with chronic undernourishment and vitamin or mineral deficiencies, which result in scrawny grow th, weakness and heightened susceptibility to illness. Poor children are the most prone to this and are often the victims to malnutrition, deficiencies, diseases and ultimately deaths caused by hunger. The persons who are in the position must have enough knowledge about the solutions on the problem. They should make a step by step process to ensure the proper on the global major problem.