Impact of culture on globalization strategies Essay - 1

Impact of culture on planetaryization strategies - Essay ExampleAccordingly, Manrodt & Vitasek (2004, 3) averred that the literature is clear that planetary and transnational firms can benefit from a coordinated and integrated management of their key appendagees. The complexity of managing global processes on a wider scale is eminent taking into account obstacles including language, customs, current standards, education levels, and government regulations. increase competition, demanding customers, and constantly changing business environments have forced management to seek radically different ways for their companies to succeed in the marketplace. (Manrodt & Vitasek, 2004, 3)The authors opted to utilize two methods in to achieve their objective. The first method is the use of comprehensive examination literature on the subject of global process standardization. The second method comprised of an in-depth case study of an literal organization, the Modus Media International, Inc. ( Modus) identified as a leader linking metrics from strategy to the plant level across its 23 manufacturing/distribution facilities. (Manrodt & Vitasek, 2004, 4) The study that was conducted interviewed senior management to line managers using structured standardized questions on Moduss process management standardization practices.Manrodt & Vitasek formulated a framework for standardizing global processes enumerating six critical steps, to carte articulate a strategy adopt a process review of logistics identification of key segments, processes and process attributes determination of impact to customers selection of improvement of key segments and identification and training of the global segment owner. A background on the company and the case was initially provided. A supply chain conditioning maturity profile was designed to indicate each of the processes which had several attributes that helped employees determine their level

Engineering accomplishments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Engineering accomplishments - Essay ExampleIn the course 2004, the EEG Simecsol, under Eiffage Construction, the main(prenominal) contractor, completed the Millau Viaduct project, the most beautiful bridge in the world today. The project kicked off in the year 2012 when the Foster and Partners Company completed their design work and handed their plan to the eddy company. The bridge is dictated in South West France, constructed across the River Tarn Valley. Apart from being one of the largest bridges, its features are unique and whole designed expertly. The most unique features of the bridge are the seven reinforced concrete pylons, whose height drift between 78 and 245 metres, supporting 32m wide steel super structure. The hollow box girders and the steel pylons carrying the inhabit cables make it a heavy and stable structure. This bridge has become a source of public lot in France as many people come to see the world most beautiful bridge. The design perspective of this bri dge shows the development of the metal-strengthening technology and new ways of meshing the support structure in the construction industry (Matthew Para. 1). Therefore, the bridge is rated as one of the greatest construction and civil engineering achievements in the 21st century.Another engineering achievement is the QingZang Tibet Railway built in China. This railway traverses across permafrost demean on a very high altitude. From the start, the engineers knew that the project was a big challenge especially granted to the terrain and the unfavorable weather conditions of the land. For many years, the Chinese engineers had sought solution to how this project would succeed as it was an imperative project that aimed at connecting the Chinese business market. However, the project delayed due to the challenges that way laid the construction of such a railway. The railway spans between Golmud and Lhasa, traversing a tough landscape.

Female Offenders( AfricanAmerican women) Research Paper

Female Offenders( Afri heapAmerican women) - Research Paper ExampleThese African Americans ar serving mostly for non violent crimes which include property disputes. These African Americans face a lot of challenges art object in the prison and some special services argon also being provided to these women so that they can avoid the problems (Snell 1994 Sabol et al 2007).It has been seen that umpteen of the problems that women face in the prison are due to the inefficiencies of the system which throw off not been corrected by the authorities concerned. A problem for most of the incarcerated females is that they cannot be accommodated in places close their home. This is because few facilities al get-go the accommodation of female prisoners. In United States it has been seen that women in prison are unremarkably a hundred miles away from their childs residence. It is stated that more than 60 % of all women are incarcerated more than one hundred miles from their childs place of resi dence (Human Rights Watch 1996). This problem is connect to the families of the female offenders as these females cannot remain in contact with their family. Economic resources of the African American women are low and hence it becomes even more difficult for the family to pay visits to the females. Female prisoners are kept in a high security zone where they cannot be harmed in anyway. This high security zone can plant to be problematic for them as they are discriminated and misclassified accordingly in these high security zones. The facilities available these long time in the prisons are not enough to provide the women with the basic rights. The hygiene and healthcare systems of the prison were sooner established for men and hence these African American women have to suffer at the hands of the authorities. gynecologic examination is not yet much prevalent in the prison systems of the United States. It has also been seen that many African American women are incarcerated for the use of drugs but these

Modernism - Edward Weston, Tina Modotti, Manuel Alvarez Bravo Essay

Modernism - Edward Weston, Tina Modotti, Manuel Alvarez Bravo - Essay ExampleThe essay Modernism - Edward Weston, Tina Modotti, Manuel Alvarez Bravo discusses modernism through with(predicate) the works of Edward Weston, Tina Modotti and Manuel Alvarez Bravo. Edward Westons career in photography destructi integrityd for a period of fifty years. He took his last photograph ten years before his death. The rest of his years were spent battling Parkinsons disease. This artist was quite a submissive in capturing the Modernism era during the twentieth Century. Weston was best known for capturing the real essence of tone. around of his photographs were rather idealistic as he had the ability to bring out the full essence of life using his camera. Weston was specificly fond of using an eight by ten inch camera. This facilitated thorough revue of life forms and was one of the basic influences on the Modernist era. However, the frame of Modernism cannot be represented by one particula r style of photography. As a matter of feature, the same can be said of this particular artist. Westons career was not static it transformed with the times. At the beginning, Weston began with a pastoralist period. However, Mexico changed all this because Weston spent a considerable period of life there. Afterwards, the latter country transformed his work into close images. Mexico made Weston take a leak much interested in life form that included vegetables, landscapes and even nudes. Towards the end of his career, Weston changed his preferences and began doing complex images. most of the latter pieces were don in California.Modernism as a form of art and photography is base upon the belief that particular objects need not be the main characters. Modernism allows for a number of objects to be used within an art form without making one stand out. This is exactly what Weston did towards the end of his career. This was the summit at which Weston made a landmark contribution toward s Modernist concepts. Using the influences form Mexico, Weston began making photographs that were fugal and conflate up. These images rarely had one particular subject at hand. He made use of natural objects much(prenominal) as see weeds and Rocks in order to achieve this. One can say that Weston had finally discovered who he really was. It is a known fact that most artists normally struggle with contact influences in order to forge their own style. It is indeed very evident that Weston underwent these struggles through the many phase of his career. But he finally discovered his true self after the abandonment of iconic pictures. During the number 1 years of his career, Weston was particularly fond of centrality and unification of issues. These were all ideas that he forsook after he started taking more basic images. 2It is overly important to note that one of the outstanding issues in Westons work was the fact that he seemed to take issue of printing very seriously. During th e Modernist era, there was a serious respect for attractively printed images. This is an aspect that Weston covered critically. For instance most of his prints are quite refined. He considered this aspect as the digest of his work. Other artists may not be very interested in the printed versions of their work. Most of them may tilt to focus on the theme of their work. The latter view is especially prominent in post modernist eras.Westons panache of photography was unique to his work at that time. However, his methods became very famous later on. He influenced other artists in the Modernism era. For instance, he was one of the first artists to mount his camera on a tripod. He was also instrumental in making most photographers take up the use of large format negatives. Additionally, Weston was instrumental in ensuring that prints were

Critical Power Grid Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Critical Power Grid Security - Essay ExampleMore than 140 one million million customers in America rely upon the 3 linked sectors of over 3,200 utilities of galvanic distribution, ten thousand plus, generating units as well as tens of thousands of transmission miles which make up the force out grid of the United States of America (LISA, 2013). With 500,000 hatful in aver while by United States Power Grid outages every day, it is quite safe to guide the major power grid as reaching its capacity as well as weakening with age and infrastructure that is declining as the key culprit (Massoud & John, 2008). The experts are becoming worried for a good reason. The US outages costs running to billions of dollars, the unpredictability as well as the unease for the infrastructure and the absence of fleshly security, has been leading to uncertainty amongst users of power especially in large scale, for instance data centers, institutions, manufacturing firms. Most power users as a result a re being forced to be enter more innovative and come up with alternative sources of power (LISA, 2013).Within the past one year alone, there has been instances documented, for instance, Superstorm Sandy, within which weaknesses of the electric power grid got to be exposed or within which officials like those within Texas had to step in so as to avert a possible blackout. With regard to this, a number of industries were forced to keep out down or limit operations leading to huge problems from customers as well as the public. The great power consumers are among the very first to feel a waning grid pressure. In chance of an absence of connectivity to generator failures as well as everything in between, this aging power infrastructure is intimidate to hurt businesses as well as individuals in more than one way.The original pathways of the electric power grid similar to those of the highway system were put in place during early the 20th century. In addition, most utility companies st ill have structures which have run for about 50 to 70 years. It is so

Phonology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Phonology - Case Study ExampleAnd when producing pp, the lips go out be stretched to produce y. The whole word is uttered in half a second. riddance Elision is the loss of a ph starme. I.e. the omission of sounds (vowel/consonant/syllable), so that the speaker can simplify the pronunciation. This usually occurs in a fast speech and is normally unintentional.Allophone Allophone is a phonetic variant of a phoneme in a extra language. I.e. it is one of the several speech sounds belonging to the same phoneme. A change in allophone does non alter the meaning, but rather makes the word sound non-native.Minimal pairs enable the linguists to build up the phoneme catalogue for a language or a dialect. Though the words differ by only one segment, on that point may be wide variations in terms of articulation. However, most minimal pairs are considerably distinct and hardly pose inconvenience to the speaker or listener.Complementary Distribution it is the mutually scoop relationship mingl ed with two phonetically similar segments. It exists when one segment occurs in one particular environment and the former(a) occurring in an entirely different environment.Example Consider the allophones p and p. ... Example Consider the allophones p and p. p, the aspirated phoneme occurs when there is a syllable onset and is followed by a stressed vowel (as in the word put) and the unaspirated phoneme p occurs all other times. Here we see complementary distribution in similar phones. Every time it need not be allophones. For example,h and are in complementary distribution, since h only occurs at the beginning of a syllable and only at the end. Since they have hardly anything in common in phonetic terms, they are better considered as differentiate phonemes.Phonological learn and conditioning factorsConsider the words- cats, dogs, judges. The final sounds- /s/, /z/, /s/ occur after the sounds /t/, /g/ and //, respectively. When the distribution of the various allomorphs can be st ated in terms of their phonemic environments, the allomorphs are said to be phonologically conditioned. Phonological conditioning is the most general and productive kind of conditioning of morphemic variants in languages. Phonemic overlapping Biuniqueness It is a principle which provides a one-to-one correspondence between phonemic and phonetic levels of analysis. A phonemic description is said to be biunique if phonemes and allophones are unambiguously mapped on to each other. Example send and sent pronounce as /sent/ and seed and seat pronounced as /sit/.Neutralization phonemes that are contrastive in certain environments may not be so in all environments. In those environments where they do not contrast, the contrast is said to be neutralized. Example consider the word sum /sm/. In another word, plumber /plmb/, since /m/ is followed by a plosive sound /b/, the contrast is lost. Archiphoneme This is an abstract phonological

Home work assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Home pee assignment - Essay ExampleThe authors establish why the alibi in Bancrofts favour could advantageously be the basis to suspect him. The truth, especially with regard to history, is bound to be vague, because even the best historic detection has more to do with probabilities than with certainties.1I am convinced that Sacks mode of investigation cyphers better with Susan Hamelin / Hamilton than the one used by the two journalists who interviewed her. This is because Sacks regularity is primarily based on building rapport at first with the person with whom he wishes to interact. This, to a great extent, prevents the possibility of the person being interviewed hiding or distorting facts.2Even as a group, Sacks personalistic method is to be preferred to the historians method, because the latter, with their impersonal attitude, tend to regard the person being interviewed as an object of study whereas in Sacks method, the person being interviewed will be touched by the appare nt genuineness of the interviewers concern. This creates the platform for an honest exchange of ideas and information. If Sacks method yields good results with people who are challenged, it is quite reasonable to believe that the method will work much better with people who are sane and fit.3If I were to pick a uncomplaining from An Anthropologist on Mars, I would choose Temple Grandin. When I try to know more approximately her, I would make an effort to gain an understanding of her self and identity. In this scientific investigation essential go hand in hand with an emotional concern. The purpose of this understanding is to be able to offer ways to them how the quality of life can be improved within the limitations and to explore what adaptations are realizable in this direction.The devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the use of nuclear bombs rests to be acknowledged in history as the most destructive man-made tragedy in the human history and must also continue to haunt the

Business Management Affairs Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Management Affairs - Coursework practiceFor the purposes of consistency and avoidance of double standards, a single choice of the contract uprightness locomotes necessary for Simon. table of contents of a contract below slope fairness A efficaciously binding contract under the English law contains various elements stipulating the terms of the contract. In the English contract law, three essential elements ought to be present for any contract to be considered legally binding. A assure ought to be made to a person. This can buoy be identified as the beginning point of a legally binding contract. In this section, the promise becomes a determining factor for any arising legal obligations. The promises form the condition under which contracts become actualized. Promises under the English law do not always come with a legal obligation. The agreements involving payments upon doing of a duty can be identified to contain legal obligations. The making of a promise can be reg arded as the intention to create a binding agreement pertaining to a qualify duty. The promise only states a limited level of information regarding the offer being made. This element shall be essential in the project Simons is undertaking at the recruitment stage for the judges. The promise made can either be providing legal obligations or not. The second phase of English contract law involves identifying the duties arising from the contract. The English contract law makes a distinguishing characterization between the duties arising. Here, the devil categories are bilateral and one-party contracts. charm the English law makes this categorization, the common law does not categorize different contracts (Keenan and Riches, 2011). In the English law, unilateral contracts crap legal obligations to only one of the contracting parties. The bilateral contracts, on the other hand, provide legal obligations to both parties. Unilateral contracts cannot be used in the case of Simons as the y will not give an obligation to the judges. This phase of the contract law can be defined as the beginning of the positive legal contract. Upon agreement, the parties can consider themselves to have gotten into a contract. The last phase of the English contract law lays down the remedies for breaching of contracts. This also stipulates the system to be employed when seeking remedies to contract breach. Under the English law, two methods of seeking remedy exist. While the main difference between the two lies in the courts administering the remedy, the remedies continue to be administered by the same courts. The English law defines the remedies can be administered by either the kings bench of the chancery courts. These courts shall be used in the administration of remedies for the contracts between the judges and Simons partnership. Requirements of the contract The Simons TV production company needs to draw contracts adhering to the English contracting laws. This becomes essential for the company in avoiding law suits outside the United Kingdom courtrooms. The company needs to ensure adherence to these prevailing contracting laws of England. The company shall solicit the services of any qualified candidates deemed to fit to perform the functions of adjudication. In accordance to the English law, the TV production company shall make the promise to the proposed judges. The company can make use of both

What is the Video Display Terminal Issue Assignment

What is the Video Display Terminal subject field - Assignment ExampleMany jobs today in the office field today are electronic computer driven. A minimum of eight hours in front of a computer drive out damage or affect workers negatively. When a worker goes home uses cell phones, home computers, or PDAs, the number of hours washed-out in front of a VDT will be in excess of eight hours a day. This come in of time in front of a VDT will not only affect workers negatively exactly decrease worker productivity as well.VDT affects range from mild to severe. Most of VDT complaints are neck/ elevate pain, headaches, blurred vision, eyestrain, headaches, and other vision problems (Salibello and Nilsen 1995679). All of these symptoms decrease worker productivity by fashioning the worker ill.Neck/shoulder pains make a worker rub their neck and shoulders more. Workers tend to concenter on their pain center instead of productivity. This symptom can also produce restless nights making work ers come in tired and sluggish.Other health factors are not as obvious as the ones listed above. One health issue is dust particle attraction toward a VDT screen. Many people sensitised to dust or other airborne allergens might suffer from red eyes, rash, or sinus problems. clean the computer screen frequently can prevent allergens from affecting workers. There are discussions about shaft emitting from VDT. No tests have been conclusive about radiation from a VDT screen harming workers have been found. The concern is pacify present, however, especially in pregnant women. These health issues are not as common but can impact worker productivity as well.VDTs themselves can be harmful, but placed incorrectly a VDT can cause even more damage. When placing a VDT in an office lighting thoughtfulness is vital. Different workers need different types of lighting.

Drivers influencing changes to the supply chain management Essay

Drivers influencing changes to the lend chain centering - Essay Example until now despite such investments, challenges abound. It is at that placefore a process that requires continuous improvement anchored in the core ism of an presidency. Introduction In order to gain a competitive advantage in the international bestow chain process, it is imperative to match the various value adding activities in the chain with the comparative advantages realized in the different sectors that make up the entire chain. Indeed, supply chain management has become an important determinant of the success of any industry and business. In this regard, companies across the world are seeking the best ship standal to enhance the efficiency and performance of their supply chains. In this regard, supply chain managers are increasingly set about challenges involved in the three areas of supply chain process procurement, processing and distribution. Managing supply chains in the present world is certai nly a fluid process. While globalization increases the opportunities for businesses across the world it as well increases the risks involved. In this regard, any company operating beyond one border must understand the captious need to effectively manage its supply chain process. Supply chain management is no long-acting conducted behind the scenes. ... in electronic invoicing, automated notifications, computerized shipping ad tracking in addition to a wide range of new applications which are intended to enhance efficiency in the supply chains. The focussing of all these changes is always to cut down costs and streamline the expenses realized by companies. In addition, the management philosophy employed within an organization largely determines the success of its SCM. It is important for the leadership to regard supply chain as a competitive advantage. The leadership should have a clear understanding of the cleverness and strengths of the supply chain and how it affects growth, customer service and profitability of the organization (Neef, 2004). Other organizations usually consider the cream of outsourcing their supply chain management in order to create efficiency. In this regard, the management philosophy of an organization with respect to its supply chains greatly determines the success of the process (Fredendall & Hill, 2001). Globalization and Supply Chain trouble In the past few decades, the growth of the global economy and the global marketplace has influenced both consumers and industries alike. with globalization, the business environment has become more competitive and connected. As such both opportunities and threats have increased. The all the same existing barrier of distance has been eliminated through new technology and more efficient communication channels. Today, there is a greater networking across organizations mostly driven by the efficient transportation and logistics realized at once (Ayers, 2007). Businesses operating in such a g lobal economy have many options on how and where they can produce their products, which markets to sell to and how to interact and communicate to their suppliers and

Marketing is the major factor in the success in any business. True or Essay

Marketing is the major(ip) factor in the success in whatever credit line. True or false - Essay instanceThis paper seeks to discuss some of the key aspects that market a determining factor for the success of any business.One of the major merits of marketing is to inform the potential customers about a particular product or service. A business that wants to be known by the communities and more customers must employ marketing strategies as a way of informing the customers about a new brand. Without conducting effective marketing, potential customers may not be aware of ones business leave alone the products and services being provided. Thus prospective customers fanny know about new or existing business by use of marketing and forwarding (Hochbaum 37). Customers are communicated to through the use of advertising for mannequin through television, magazines, internet, bill boards as well as promotional methods such as competitions and road side shows.Another importance of marketing is that once the business owner informs his or her potential customers about the products and services being provided by the business, there is a soaring probability of the consumers making a purchase. After the potential customers becomes aware of the products they are also in a position to make word of mouth marketing that involves telling their families and friends about the benefits of a new products that that concur purchased from the business (Kotler and Philip 24). As a result, the business will experience high sales and sustainable profitableness that is essential for the expansion of the company operations. It is vital to note that without use of marketing strategies it would be possible to action such high sales.Solid reputation leads to the success of a business. As a major responsibility, marketing assists in building the image of a business. When a business is involved in marketing strategies for example through corporate social responsibilities such

International financial markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International financial markets - Essay ExampleIt was in this in this meeting gathering that the Bretton woods system was born.Initially, this has initiated an acceleration of global activity. However as the system progresses, its flaws surfaced out so intensely that the origin United States President Richard Nixon sentenced it to its demise on August 1971. Though the International Monetary Fund and the ball Bank, two financing institutions that were born because of the system are still existent, the initial system that they adopted were advantageously altered by Nixons cessation of gold standard.Adam Smith, the father of economics, and his contemporary thinkers, has started recognizing and studying on the benefits from international trade and chief city mobility. Though overseas trading has already been practiced centuries earlier sooner their era, there was no formal academic and scientific study for this. Smith, in his pioneering investigation on the British economy, has plo tted out a fertile condition for nations to maximize their gains the presence of a sufficiently mathematical operation international monetary system that promotes and advances trade and efficient allocation of capital (Ferderer, 2002, p.1). The 18th century look up to the prospects for mutual gain that they get from free trade between nations (Understanding economics, 2006).In the past 200 years, capital mobility in large quantities and allocation of these to lucrative and promising investments became a tool that altered the standard of living. potential of financial institutions should then be measured by the contributions that they give to this process and eventually to a agriculturals growth and employment (Eatwell & Taylor, 1999). They should then adapt a financial system that will facilitate the flow of capital and investment.In 1717 Sir Isaac Newton accidentally adopted a de facto gold standard that later on became the monetary regime in those times. The renowned scienti st, a master of the mint, set the gold price

Plato, John Dewey, Maria Montessori Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Plato, John Dewey, Maria Montessori - Essay ExampleTo the pris unmatchablers the shadows and objects atomic number 18 his ingenuousness. (Cottingham, 1996, p. 67-69 512-513)In case the prisoner is allowed to turn around or even stand the sunlight coming into the weaken from the entry will be too much for him. And if they are objects passing by their shadow to the prisoner are the reality rather than the object itself. He will see the sun as the blood line of the shadows that he has seen. Once this prisoner is taken outside and gets enlightened and has he desires to free other prisoners in the countermine but they are not willing to set free. When the prisoner is back in the countermine he is trying to adjust to the dim light and has to get used again. His identification of the objects on the besiege goes down this makes the other prisoners to think that going to the surface has destroyed his eyesight. In the allegory the outside of the cave or the world represent lay away kno wledge and the cave is a representation of a low place with limited information leading to a faulty reality. (Cottingham, 1996, p.67-69 512-513)According to Plato to get reality one had to look at the order of the creation to increase imageing of experience. Humans had to travel from the visible realm of image-making and objects of sense, to the intelligible, or invisible, realm of reasoning and understanding. The Allegory of the Cave symbolizes this trek and how it would look to those still in a sink realm. Plato is saying that humans are all prisoners and that the tangible world is our Cave. The things which we perceive as real are actually just shadows on a wall. Just as the escaped prisoner ascends into the light of the sun, we amass knowledge and ascend into the light of true reality where ideas in our minds can help us understand the form of The Good. (Cottingham, 1996, p. 67-69 512-513) In Plato theory, what we perceive through our senses is not a reality i.e. what the pri soners see as the reality on the wall are just shadows, but on the contrary when one gains knowledge past he/she is able to understand the true reality. (Cottingham, 1996, p. 67-69 512-513)Unlike Plato in the Allegory of the cave the Pragmatisms connote that pull through and knowledge are two different spheres and also there is a supreme truth transcend the sort of inquisition (ways by which the organisms can get a hold of their surrounding) that organisms use to get by in life. (Shusterman, 1997, p.11, 23, 90-95)This theory provides an environmental account of knowledge. Real and true are used in the inquiry process and they cannot be comprehended outside of that context. The theory acknowledges an outside world which needs to be tackled or dealt with. John Dewey says something is make true when it is verified. According to Pragmatists truth is not ready -made, but jointly we and reality make truth. Truth is characterized by creation mutable and it relative to abstract system. (Shusterman, 1997, p.11, 23, 90-95)In the Allegory of the cave approach they are no visible importance of teaching since the students observe and learn from what they see. A teacher or a learn is not assigned any role since in Plato view of man is as a ecumenical being that does not learn but discover. All human beings have the ability to move being ignorant to being knowledgeable as Plato asserts. (Shusterman, 199

Relationship between the Management Layer, Board and Staff Assignment

Relationship between the Management Layer, Board and Staff - Assignment ExampleIn the functional structure, employees in the organizations tend to perform with the specialise set of tasks. It would be easy for them to work with their specialized skills and be apt to feel comfortable (Iqbal, n.d.). With this structure, there would be a direct relationship with the trouble and the staff in each department product/service line because of direct supervision. There would be the close relationship, interaction, communication and quick response for both the solicitude and the staff. The board at the same time, to which the management reports, can easily determine on what to focus for there is an open engagement of relationship.The administration and inhering structure, rewards, and benefits, application and teamwork are needed so that the board, management, and staff would enable to work successfully (The Five Elements, 2009). The system and internal structure of the organization shoul d be sufficient for the survival of the member of the business. Rewards and benefits should be given comity so that loyalty among them would be achieved. Lastly, there should be the application of the system and teamwork so that success would be realized. Iqbal, N. (n.d.). Effective organization structure acts as the lifeblood of business. Ezine Articles.

The use of power and persuasion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The use of power and persuasion - Essay manikinSimilarly, others stress on how the power must transcend by virtue of leadership, implying that people relate to bigger groups and thus, the art of leadership must be paralleled with the art of gauging the deep rooted insights of human responses (Harvard University 2005). However, in enounce to apply this strategy, it is imperative to build trusts and a dynamic interpersonal relationship with the people. Similarly, commenting on the need of advance(a) leaders, the academia also tends to differentiate between an ordinary leader and the one which tends to innovate, since forward-looking leadership doesnt solely rely of a vision and leadership qualities instead it tends to seek inspiration and drive these innovators towards decreed direction to deem out perplexs (Yolderwise 2010). Therefore, a leader offer inspiration, motivation and even a dynamic reputation for others to relate to and follow, with an innovation leader carrying even more elaborate responsibilities. Thus, there is need to explore motley dimensions on the nature and functioning of innovative leadership.As mentioned above as well, there are distinguishable leadership styles and leadership qualities which can be undertaken by a leader, and therefore may be still from various lens. However, question arises on which approach may be accurate and appropriate for an innovation leader. In this context, various researchers have commented that such a leader may borrow concepts from various leadership styles to work a distinct style of his own to instill innovation and direction in the intended audience. Therefore, an innovative leader will employ distinct strategies to carve out a leadership style which therefore contributes towards producing creative and original ideas, services, products or solution Thus concept of innovation leadership was first put forth by Dr, Gliddon

Corporate law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate law Master - Case Study ExampleThus, from all appearances the corporation is then a close one.If it was not stated that the spouses Paul and Mary had registered the company in 1980 with the name Scott Enterprises PTY. Ltd., the first gear thing that would come to the mind is that the spouses must have formed a union instead because the calling originally involved solo the two of them i.e. the spouses. Most partnerships involve only two personal credit line partners (Clifford 2006, p.7). only such is not the field of study here, although if I were the spouses adviser at the time they contemplated to form a business entity, I would have suggested a partnership instead because a partnership is simpler and entails no further figure requirements to satisfy the requirementsof the Corporation Act. Besides, it entails less expenses than incorporating and gives them more leeway and freedom of action than incorporation, which puts one to the reins of government control. If t he spouses chose partnership instead, either Paul or Mary can bind the partnership by any sure contract in the ordinary course of business of their manufacturing concern.But probably, the spouses had in mind the future of the company. ... ey superpower be forced to retire from the business due to old age, debility, sickness, incapacity or even worsened death to any or both of them (Humphreys 1998, p.6-1). Corporation provides more stability because it affords the right of succession, in which case if any of the above occurs, they can safely ensconce the corporation in the hands of the three children - Suzy, stopcock and Sam (Dine 2000, p.101). A corporation ensures continuity and permits transfer of sh atomic number 18s of their stocks to the three children if any of the above happens. Perhaps, the spouses want to have the company they laboured hard to put up go a long way and they inclination to experience the fruits of their hard work when this company is already in the hands of their children. A corporation proficient cannot be dissolved voluntarily because it requires a vote of two thirds of the stock and its dissolution can only take place by some judicial or administrative act of the government ( Davis 2000, p.6). 3The form of corporation can only be a close corporation because all of the corporations issued stocks are held of record by only 5 persons, with the three children holding each 30% of the parcels and the 10% share being retained by the spouses. Although the case is silent about any action to represent a public offering of the shares of the corporation or to enlist the corporate shares in any stock exchange, and the tenor of the case strongly suggest that the spouses never did any of these acts nor have any intention to make one in the future (Moye 2004, p.209). The resolve to keep the business within exclusive family control is so strong we can just surmise that the

Metaphysics Is the Branch of Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Metaphysics Is the Branch of Philosophy Es assureMetaphysics is the grow of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts. These abstract concepts include things like being, knowing, substance, cause, identity, time, and space. Over the years I have asked myself legion(predicate) inquirys pertaining to metaphysics. Things such as what is authorized? How do things such as our souls or even fate give way? Do we determine our own fate or is it predetermined for us? Most people, including myself, ask a majority of these hesitations when they leave the nest. When I was graduating high school, I had no clue what the tangible institution was like.My p arnts paying the bills, provided for me, and put the roof over my head. As we graduate, you ask who argon your real friends? More importantly what is real in general? Whats a real job? As you grow older, you can chew over on what was real as a child, and I have come to the conclusion that everybodys view of real changes along with your age and lifestyle. For example when somebody passes away and youre young, you dont question if its real, just now as you age you cant believe when something so tragic happens and you question it.People do this every day, and for reasons that only they can explain. People talk nearly the sacred world openly, but most have never experienced it. So, with that being the case it is hard to determine whether or not it is more or less real that the physical world. Thats one of those questions that as of salutary now I dont have the answer to. I believe in the spiritual world whole heartedly, but to say its any more or less real is hard for me because I have only experienced the physical world. As of right now, I would say that they are equally real, but that is just my opinion.Going along with that, everyone has a soul, but does it live impertinent the body before we pass? I dont believe so. As a Christian, we pray for the Lord to take our soul when we pass, and to protect it w hile we are alive. Our soul exits the body when we are through with(p) on Earth. Fate is a very complex subject. I believe that everyone has an idea of their ultimate fate. This doesnt mean however that that is how it will end up, or that the step along the way will business up with your plan. For example, when someone dies, people say it must have been fate.I animadvert that things like this are determined by Him, not us. When people say that when they fall in love that its fate, but that is determined by us making it free will. Therefore, I believe that our lives are determined by our own free will and fate. Epistemology is basically how we determine if something is a belief or an opinion. Some things are taught to us after they have been investigated, but other things are made up in our minds or families. If you ever look at the actual definition for knowledge it is pretty loosely written. Therefore, knowledge doesnt have to be true.Your knowledge is determined by you. There a re world-wide examples of knowledge in my opinion. However, since knowledge can be false its hard to say if others would believe the same. For example, 2+2=4 that seems like it would be true everywhere, might not be. Someone might be think 2+2=something other than 4. 1. Epistemology * Is all knowledge subjective, or are there some universal truths? * What is the relationship between faith and reason? * What can artificial intelligence teach people about knowledge? * What are the limits of human understanding?2. Ethics * What is the right thing to do? * What does it mean to be a good person? * Does virtue lead to happiness? * Do the ends justify the means, or is a virtuous action virtuous in and of itself? * How does living in a society affect holiness? * Is morality culturally based, individually based, or is there a universal morality? 3. Aesthetics * What is splendid? * Is beauty truly in the eye of the beholder, or are there some things that all cultures come beautiful? * Wha t is the purpose of art? * How can a piece of art be successful or valuable?Does beauty matter? 4. Political philosophy * What is the best kind of government? * How much spot should the government have? * What kind of people should be in power? * How involved should the common citizen be in government? 5. Social philosophy * How should humans behave in a society? * Do people give up certain rights when they choose to live in a society? * How do social values affect individual beliefs? Do people behave differently in a crowd than they would individually? * How does society affect language and other types of communication?

Explain Anselm’s Ontological Argument Essay Example for Free

Explain Anselms Ontological Argument Es putExplain Anselms ontological competition.The ontological argument was put away at first as a prayer by the eleventh century monk and philosopher Anselm of Canterbury. In his Proslogion, which means discourse, he presented this argument as a prayer for believers to substantiate their belief in graven image. Anselm uses a priori (which means before catch) reasoning, which conveys that it does not rely or depend on experience and so an argument of this sort is more plausible and likely to intrigue and attract philosophers, by not depending on experience or acquaintances it fanny be understood and derived purely from logic. Furthermore its truth doesnt depend on anything apart from logic and can be deduced purely from the meaning of the words used in the argument. The ontological argument uses deductive reasoning, which means its conclusion is contained within the premises presented, and if one accepts these premises to be align then one must(prenominal) accept that the conclusion is also correct an argument of this sort would be 1. Men are all mortal.2. Ren Descartes was a man.3. Consequently Ren Descartes is mortal.From this example if we accept the premises (12) then logically we must accept the conclusion (3) so in some form this argument presents a justify of the truth of the conclusion. Anselms argument express correction is that than which zip fastener greater can be conceived, by greater he means perfect and by conceived he means to think of, so we can put in other words paragon is that than which nothing more perfect can be estimate of. When Anselm first wrote this in the Proslogion, his intentions for this were not for it to be used as an argument to prove Gods dwellence notwithstanding just a mere prayer for believers, but due to his belief solely on reason and logic it has become popular and has overcome the test of time as it is still relevant today and is beingness studied.The argument can take this form1. God is that than which nothing more perfect can be thought of. 2. Even a fool can ensure this definition. (By fool Anselm some likely meant someone who does not believe in beau ideal, and so he said this to show thatthis argument is nothing of a complex sort but of a simple record which can be comprehended by anyone, even a fool as Anselm said.) 3. This fool says that god ceases to exist in globe, merely as an idea. 4. It is greater to exist both in the consciousness and in reality, than essentially just in the understanding. 5. The sterling(prenominal) possible being, for it to be the superior must truly exist in both modes reality and understanding.6. Hence god does exist both in reality and in the understanding therefore we can also conclude that the fool in reality is actually a fool. (The fool is denying the existence of the greatest possible being, this being must exist for it to be the greatest possible being, and if he wasnt the greatest possible be ing then surely we could conceive of something greater.) Anselm starts the argument with a definition, and uses this definition to prove god into existence, however this argument relies on a particular definition and abridgment of a particular one. There are two fundamental and paramount facets to this argument one is the understanding of the definition, this is an integral part of the argument, because the argument arises from this start point, and also that it is greater to exist both in reality and in understanding.Anselm understood god in an analytical sense, analytic sense is where the whole meaning of a word or statement is transferred through the words only, like for example, Tom has a brother, you wouldnt say he has a brother who is a male because the fact that he is a male is already conveyed through the meaning of the word brother. And so likewise, Anselm understood god in the same way, so it isnt incumbent to say god, you know exists the aspect of existence is already g iven away from the word god, and so in a way could be perceived as inseparable from god.This argument mentioned hitherto was put up in Proslogion 2, which tried to prove gods existence. A contemporary of his, Gaunilo of Marmoutier who was a monk and also a theist, replied to Anselms Proslogion, with a work titled On Behalf of the Fool, he was truly also a Christian and had a firm belief in god, but he rejected the jump from the definition that god is the greatest being to the conclusion that he must exist. Gaunilo claimed that through Anselms reasoning we can potentially prove anything one wishes intoexistence by proposing its the greatest thing or maximally perfect in its calibre.He used the example of an Island, that if we were to say that there existed an island which was the most excellent and possessed an unmeasured wealth, we can easily understand this even a fool can comprehend this. And therefore it is the most excellent, and it is more excellent to exist both in reality a nd in understanding moreover this island must exist. He argued even a fool is right to be sceptical about Anselms argument, as evidence is required for a matter as great as god. Furthermore he went on to claim that Anselms argument is a reducto ad absurdum, this is Latin for reduced to absurdity.As Anselm was aware of this condemnation during his lifetime, he wrote a Reply to Gaunilo, in this he defends his argument and draws up another(prenominal) aspect. He says God cannot be conceived not to exist That which can be conceived not to exist is not god. This introduces another matter Anselm asks whether a god is greater who can be thought of as not exist or a god which cannot be thought of not existing. Furthermore he claims that it is a contradiction for a god who can be thought of not existing if he truly is the greatest possible.Anselm created a dichotomy between the concepts of things necessary and contingent existences. Anselm himself didnt use these aforementioned terms hims elf but were later applied by philosophers but Anselm did split the two as he described the island as somatogenetic and therefore he could easily propose that it could cease to exist due to other physical causes like for example the sea levels rising could eradicate the island completely. However he said that it is impossible to say the greatest being not existing or ceasing to exist, and then surely it would not be the greatest being.Necessary existences do not depend on any other thing for it to exist, as it is the greatest thing so it is not predisposed to anything else. On the other hand, contingent existences do depend on other things and also there was a time when they didnt exist, like for example humans, who are a perfect example of a contingent being. However Anselm argued that god was a necessary being, and it cannot be thought of as not existing, it has always exists and always will. It is rather hard to conceive of another necessary being or existenceapart from this.An selm put forward this proposition in Proslogion 3, that god has a necessary existence, and this is the type of god that he is, in this way Anselm shows that Gaunilo was a fool as he didnt understand the type of god that Anselm discussed.

Dream Essay Essay Example for Free

Dream Essay EssayImagine yourself 10 old age from now. After spending most of your young life cramped inside of an overpopulated check, you argon anxious to stick to your day- hallucination job, the job that you have been waiting for since grade school. Now, its finally yours and no wholeness seat take it a bureau from you, no matter how hard they try. E realone has a dream that they would like to have acquire true later in life, whether its to have their dream job, or to meet their favorite celebrity. My dream in life is to finish school and be manage a doctor. I want this dream to come true because ever since the doctors at Saint Barnabas hospital saved my mother from decease from birth, my brother from dying from multiple asthma attacks, and my grandma from breast cancer, I knew I wanted to be like them someday, constituent to save the lives of young(and old)people.There are multiple steps that I would have to take for me to fulfill my dream of beseeming a doctor. T he first step to accomplishing my goal is attending an Ivy union School. The best way to be equal to attend an Ivy League School is getting admirable grades early. Ivy League Schools most likely wont admit you to their school if you start doing well in school late in high school. You should also challenge yourself academically. This means taking advanced courses, especially ones that passport college credits. Ivy League Schools prefer students who do well in a challenging course than one that does exceptional in an average one. Although this may be a tedious task, I believe that its worth the wait. To accomplish my goal to become a doctor, I will have to be very studious and diligent for me to be able to finish school.When I close my eyes, I can presuppose myself 15, 20 years from now, accomplishing my dream of becoming a doctor. After a long day of working as a doctor in my office in California, I finally get to come home to my wonderful husband, 2 kids, 2 dogs, a turtle, a ha mster, and a guinea pig. The scene when I get home is different everyday. Sometimes, I come home to the find everything serene and the kids doing homework or the kids watching television with the dogs at their feet. But other times, I come home to total chaos. The kids are fighting for no apparent reason and the house is flipped completely upside down. But, even with the chaos, I grapple my family and wouldnt change anything, even if I could.I can already imagine myself taking business concern of a patient. Im working in my office when the doctors rush him in, telling me that hes been in a horrible car accident and is unresponsive. They also tell me that a piece of the surface pathway barrier has entered his body and when I look down, I can see it jutting come to the fore of the lower section of his thigh. We rush him into an operating room, give him the anesthesia, and start the procedure to remove the jutting highway barrier from the mans body. After 6 hours, 3 cups of coffee , and a lot of skin and broth lost, we finally removed the piece of metal out of the mans thigh. After the procedure, I got many a(prenominal) accolades from my fellow doctors. Being a doctor demonstrates all of the capricious things that happen in life, but everyday, I revel the fact that I get to live out my dreams.Now that my dream is a reality, I can say that after many years of working hard in school, have set up my goal of becoming a doctor. Now, I can probably better understand how tired my mammary gland actually was taking finagle of two kids and working full time. Working full time and becoming a mother to two kids makes me appreciate my mother even more than I already do. I know how hard she works to take care of me and my little brother and also to be able to pay all bills. Becoming a doctor changed my familys life because now, instead of them taking care of me, I am old enough to take care of myself, and my family members. I hope that instead of fantasizing around it, I will actually get to live out my dream 15, 20 years from now.

Respect Education Essay Example for Free

compliments Education EssayTreating masses with maintain sop ups your world a sharp place to live in, whether its at home, at naturalize day, or out in your community. And its easy-all you fox to do is treat people the way you like to have them treat you. Respect is an important social occasion to give and to receive. Respect shows that you think that the other person has value and that you want to show them that. Education is so important because it is the key to a persons future. If you have a good education it pull up stakes help you to compass all types of goals. Respect plays a huge role in our everyday lives.You may not broadside it, but thats only because they ar being prizeful to you. If youre not respectful so you will be disrespected because youre being mean. So you should always be respectful to others so they will treat you the way you want to be treated. A liberal education is at the heart of a civil society, and at the heart of a liberal education is the act of teaching. Education is the key to open up the golden door of freedom. To get freedom you need education, to get education you need to attend how to respect.To respect you need to educate yourself. Respect in the education aspect of society is important because relationship surrounded by students and instructors, relationship amongst peers, and relationship between school. The secret in education lies in respecting the relationship between students and teachers. A student-teacher relationship is very important. The best teachers genuinely care about their students. They care about leaving on their martial art right, not just going through the schedule and collecting the tuition.Respect plays a huge factor in this. A teacher affects eternity he can neer tell where his influence stops. When a teacher respects himself and the martial arts he teaches, his/her students will learn to respect them as well. Its no use if the teacher was a skilled martial workman but lacks patience, open mindedness, communication skills, a positive attitude, and respect must(prenominal) be mutual. Students, likewise, need to think the time and effort their teachers put into train them and not take their teachers for granted.The student must respect his/her teacher and hold him/her in the highest esteem, for this is a necessary prerequisite to accepting his/her advice. The student must trust the teachers concern. The students must commit him/her to following the instruction with ut just about discipline, for only therefore can the intended effect be realized. The teacher also has some responsibility toward students. The first is fulfillment of the prerequisite of getting to know his/her students individually, to study the innermost depths of their hearts as well as examining the outer details of their lives.A teacher must express love and affection toward his/her students. A teacher must take time to reflect upon his/her students progress, improve and adjusting his/her vision of how best to influence them toward positive change. You can teach a student a lesson for a day but if you can teach him to learn by creating curiosity, he will continue the eruditeness process as long as he lives. Friends are important in educational outcomes most people agree that friends matter-not just for personal wellbeing but for achieving their goals in life.Several studies have shown this to be particularly. The case in education but the detection and measure of such peers effects is often fix wanting. Using detailed information on friendship not works of American high-school students this column finds that the friends we make at age 15 to 18 have a strong and persistent effect on our lives. Each student influences his/her classmates not only through knowledge spillovers and how teachers respond to students, but also in how he/she affects class direction standards.Less disciplined students are more likely to disrupt his/her classmates, forcing the teacher to bear more time in class to disciplining rather than transmitting knowledge. Therefore a students performance in school may be influenced by the characteristics and behavior of his/her peers. If these peers group effects are substantial, government policy may exploit them by optimally grouping students in different classrooms to acquire desired socioeconomic outcomes. He, who opens a school door, closes a prison.School maybe hard, annoying, and irritating, but admit it, youre going to miss it when it ends. A school should not be a preparation for life. A school should be life. Relationship between schools is important because it affects respect in the education. God made the Idiot for practice, and then He made the School Board. A sustainable, positive school climate fosters youth development and learnedness necessary for a productive, contributive, and satisfying life in a democratic society.This climate includes norms, vales, and expectations that support people feeling socia lly, emotionally and physically safe. People are engaged and respected. Students, families, and educators work together to develop, live, and contribute to a shared school vision. Educators model and nurture an attitude that emphasizes that benefit of, and satisfaction from, learning. Each person contributes to the operations of the school as well as the care of the physical environment.However, there is a great see of research that shows that many students do not feel physically and emotionally safe in schools. For example, a study forward evidence that high school students are fearful about going to school because of the violence and personal victimization some of them experience during the school day. Remember the philosophy of the school room in one generation will be the philosophy of government in the next. Respect, respect others, and respect yourself, respect school, Respect old people they graduated high school without Google or Wikipedia

Describe and Evaluate two theories of the formation of romantic relationships Essay Example for Free

Describe and Evaluate two theories of the formation of romantic relationships EssayIn 1970 Byrne and Clore introduced the honour/ need satisfaction system for the formation of relationships. They suggested that we are attracted to individuals whose presence is rewarding for us, and that naturally we make stimuli rewarding if it meets an unmet need the more rewards any(prenominal)one provides for us, the more we should be attracted to them. They believed that the formation if relationships was linked with the idea of clean and operant conditioning, with operant conditioning we are likely to repeat behaviours that leads to a desirable outcome and ward off behaviours that lead to undesirable ones, so we enter the relationships because the presence of some individuals is directly concordd with reinforcement, making us devote positive feelings, which makes them more attractive to us. For classical conditioning, we t closing curtain to prefer large number who we associate with pleasant event, so for example if we meet someone somewhere where we are having a good time, then we will associate this person with this good time and find them more attractive in the long run. Byrne and Clore believed that the balance betwixt positive and proscribe feelings in a relationship was crucial as relationships where the positive outweigh negative feelings were more likely to develop and succeed.Griffitt and Guay (1969), participants were evaluated on a creative task by an experimenter and then asked to valuate how much they liked the experimenter. The rating was highest when the experimenter had positively evaluated the participants performance on the task. This study supports the song that we like people who are associated with pleasant events. This provides strong support that similarity is important in standoff, alone also highlights reciprocal liking also is factor in the formation of relationships and this whitethorn not be the only factor influencing this.T he experiment was only of an imaginary description, the participant is unlikely to truly pose how they feel towards the stranger. The experiment doesnt demonstrate interaction of people, but rather just presents a statement nigh them, which reduces how far conclusions can be drawn. Although similarity may be a factor, how people socially interact is also important to how a personperceives another.In a laboratory experiment, Lehr and Gehr (2006) studied participants of both sexes to interrogation the importance of reciprocal liking. Knowing that someone likes you is particularly rewarding and so is more likely to end up in mutual liking. Participants were given a description of a stranger, with varying degrees of similarity of the strangers positioning to the participants. In each description was a statement that the stranger either liked or did not like the participant. Researchers found significant effects for attitude similarity and liking. However this study doesnt defend e cological validity from where it was done in a lab setting and didnt reflect true(a) life situation or conditionsHowever Cate et al (1982) asked 337 individuals to assess their current relationships in circumstances of reward level and satisfaction. Results showed that reward level was superior to all other factors in determining relationship satisfaction, however this theory only explores the receiving of rewards, the results may not be completely accurate though as some people may have picked the socially desirable answers. These studies all ignore natures influence on attraction and that it is to some extent an evolutionary need to have a partner that meets physical requirements.This model may be very culturally bound as all the studies done were in the western worlds individualistic cultures. In other cultures one partner may not expect rewards and may be entirely giving, or arranges marriages will also go against this theory as the long term is made to happen. For example, L ott (1994) suggests that in many cultures women are more focused on the needs of others rather than receiving reinforcement. This suggests that this theory is not a universal explanation of relationship formation and thitherfore culturally biased.However, this theory is back up by another theory on how relationships are formed Byrne, Clore and Smeatons Similarity Theory (1986) states that it is important that people are similar in order to be able to form a relationship. They theorise that there are two stages to deciding who to seek relations with first we sort out the people intimately dissimilar to us andsecondly then seek out those who are most similar. Caspi and Herbener found that in married couples, those who were the happiest were those with the most similar personality traits.

The counselling relationship Essay Example for Free

The rede human recountingship EssayAn anti-oppressive approach to counselling is essential to establish and maintain an affective working family relationship between counsellors and guests. Clients must feel that they burn trust their counsellor and that they may sh be any development without fear of judgment for their opinions, beliefs and values. Anti-oppressive practice enables lymph glands to make informed choices surrounding the direction they wish their therapy journey to take. This act will explore four areas that are critical to incorporate into professional counselling practice that fall in to the anti-oppressive approach to the therapeutic relationship. The ethical aspects of counselling, the importance of contracting, the importance of informed consent and the role of self-awareness will be examined. These four areas contribute to anti-oppressive practice by ensuring clients rights are respected and upheld and contribute to ensuring that the counselling relat ionship is dear and a useful part of the self-exploration You must Login to view the entire essay.If you are not a process yet, Sign Up for freeprocess.Ethical guidelines are designed to encourage ethical behaviour and decision-making and they deal as safeguards to make sure high standards are adhered to by counsellors during the therapeutic sessions. They are guidelines which predominately refer to the rights and responsibilities of two the client and the counsellor during the therapeutic relationship. Ethics highlight the principles of appropriate conduct and behaviour to be adhered to by the counsellor. According to Summers (2011, p. 1), ethical principles are the foundation of good human service practice and it is essential that professionals render ethical obligations and seek direction when they are unclear. Ethical principles are created to protect and prevent exploitation of clients, lead guidelines and to respect and offer protection for clients therefore contributing to anti-oppressive practice.Counseling level 3 Assignment For this assigning I will be critically evaluating the person bear on model of counseling in relation to homosexual people. I will be considering the importance of anti-oppressive andanti-discriminatory practice when working with this client group. The person centered model of counseling has its origins within Humanistic psychology and the phenomenological approach. Carl Rogers (1902-1987) was the founder of the person centered method and he drew his ideas from the humanistic and phenomenological approaches that are also associated with Abraham Maslow (1908-1970). The phenomenological approach is a philosophical assessment of the individual it was develop by Husserl (1975) the focus is on the subjective experience.The method involved requires the professional to suspend their assumptions and interpretation of the clients world. The client is viewed as a unique person and is facilitated to interpret and explore their avou ch experiences and thoughts. Criticism of the use of phenomenology by Rogers as the basis for therapy is highlighted by Eysenck (1998), he states that it is a simplistic approach as some(prenominal) invaluable information lies below the level of conscious awareness therefore the value of the subjective experience gouge be unreliable. Humanistic psychology has an optimistic perspective of human nature and the focus is on the whole person, the aim for the individual is to become what he/she is capable of becoming Rogers (1951) cited in Dryden et al (198910). This is also expound as self-actualization, a term developed by Maslow to describe the motivating force enabling us to reach our full potential and peak experience.The humanistic approach stresses the importance of the individuals ability to direct their own life, and the counselor using the person centered method should allow the individual to choose their own stones throw of change and their own values and standards. Howe ver these values and beliefs may clash with those of the counselors and this can potentially lead to incongruity for e.g. a gay or lesbian person may be in a marriage and not disclose the fact that they are having homosexual feelings or relationship outside their marriage, to their heterosexual partner. In this situation it would be difficult for the counselor not to encourage the client to be honest with their spouse. Palmer and Laungani (1999) state that for effective communication it is essential that the counselor and client have a common set of assumptions and cultural ideology.There are 3 core conditions that Rogers identified, which are essential to a successful relationship between counselor and client, and for a therapeutic change to be facilitated these core conditions are congruence or genuiness, the acceptance of the client with out judgment orthe provision of unconditional constructive regard, and thirdly empathy. One of the core conditions that Rogers identifies is co ngruence or genuiness, congruence refers to the counselors capacity to be a real and genuine person in the counseling relationship. It also requires the counselor to be fair so that the client can see straight through him/her. However this can be much more difficult than it seems on the surface. For e.g. if the client presents a situation where the professional does not agree with their carry through or beliefs, and may reserve these, it may be difficult to be honest in such(prenominal) a circumstance, and therefore maintain.

Education Dialog Essay Example for Free

Education duologue EssayWhat does it mean to be an improve somebody? There is no simple, out-right, correct answer to this question. Every ace exit have a slightly, if non very, different answer. What does it mean to be a liber exactlyy meliorate person?is misleading, deeply so, because it suggests that one behind somehow take a group of courses, or accumulate a certain number of credits, or undergo an obligatory set of learning experiences, and emerge liber solelyy educated at the end of the process. Nothing could be further from the truth (William Cronon 5) To me an education is about grasping not specific facts, but concepts as a whole, to gain knowledge of things that can be applied to not just the status quo but things in the future as well. To be properly educated one must keep an open mind, be able to take all the sides of an argument into account and be able to see where they are coming from.To be educated,, is to be free of ignorance, to not let our hold emoti ons and experiences corrupt our view, to be able to think for yourself and think critically at that, but also to cut through what is being said to you, or what you are construeing and understand that your learning pass on never end. No matter the amount of knowledge you have on a certain topic there will always be more to learn, either on that topic or other topics and an educated person knows that, so they are always striving to learn more. Critical thinking is a huge part of being considered educated. You dont just listen to hear someone talk, and you dont read to just see letters form words on a page, you do these things so you can derive meaning from the words written in a book and the words coming from a persons mouth.How does one measure intelligence? How would you know where you stand compared to others? This is where things get a midget tricky. From my own experience in the public education system we were given facts, dates, places and names to be memorized for tests. H ow a good deal you could memorize directly translated to what grade you would get on a test. Students would cram right before an exam, and their minds would save retain that knowledge for a couple days at most. In my English class my teacher spent the whole year preparing us for one test at the end of the year, one test. We were really given the test three times before the final exam. You were given the correct answers and all you had to do was memorize it, if you could memorize the answers you would get an A grade. I dont get how like tests are used to measure intelligence since there isnt a standardized person. I conceptualise standardized tests should be made with essay topics to give students a chance to explain their thinking, their whysI can understand why certain subjects become important when trying to shape a well rounded educated person, such as math, history, writing and composition. History would be about the only subject in which there could be too much focus on da tes and facts, to where they begin to cast the Why did they do that? because theyre focusing on the fact that they did do it. We are taught history so we can do our best to prevent repeating it, the facts wont really help all too much in that, but the critical thinking will. We need to be aware of whats going on around us, notice when things are beginning to stir. We all must be educated to advance in our world, to learn from our mistakes, to make new mistakes and set forth a course to the holy person of a perfect world or to achieve a perfect education.

Business and Management Personal Statement Examples Essay Example for Free

telephone circuit and Management Personal Statement Examples EssaySince my early years, I hurt been naturally introduced to the world of Business and economics. Growing up near Central capital of the United Kingdom and Canary Wharf I had always been intrigued by my surroundings and the mechanics of business, and was introduced into the world of Economics push on in my life. My childhood was filled with mini business ventures as well as bread and butter the start-up businesses of my familys confectionary store and a technology store, which became the catalyst of my passion for the subject. Recently, I have taken up the initiative to read The Economist to broaden my subject knowledge and keep up-to-date with current affairs. I believe a degree related to economics result help me excel in some(prenominal) different fields of lend such as business, management, and marketing.I believe that Economics at A-Level and Business at GCSE, equip me with the invaluable skills needed for a degree. The skills I have acquired from contracting Business implicate calculated decision-making as well as learning the ways of raising finance, motivation strategies, and promotional methods. Economics at A-Level has broadened my understanding of economies, firms, and government policy-making as well as making me grasp the magnificence of finance in society. In my A-Level study of Information Technology, I created an IT-based solution for a business-related problem. This enabled me to develop problem-solving abilities, as I had to evaluate several possible ways of achieving the involve solution. Geography requires extensive research and the pull together and creating of information from various sources. I am excited about the challenges that I may face at University, and the chance to advance my skills further.During the summer, I had a work experience placement at Deloitte. I was mandatory to organize and create solutions to different situations in risk advisory, fina ncial services, and technology. This enabled me to apply my skills gained from business such as intense decision-making into a situation. The aim was to analyze each situation and be able to easily cite areas of improvement. I currently have a part-time job at Gadget Converters. Working as a Sales Advisor has helped me to become more confident as I am required to socialize with people from different backgrounds and ages and to handle situations in a professional manner, which I can exile to a University environment. I also learned about bookkeeping, organizing cash receipts, creating expenditure spreadsheets, and selling platforms. My decision to study a degree related to business was reinforced because of the enjoyment and success I gained in my work experience and current work.Watching documentaries on current affairs ignited my curiosity about the rescue and what factors shape it. This degree will allow me to gain wider knowledge and help challenge my theories. I soundly enj oy reading particularly the news and the articles that stem from certain stories. I have also promulgated an article on an upcoming football site called the Liverpool Transfer Room. This opened the door of create articles through the WordPress platform and has given me the opportunity to write to an audience. Furthermore, I regularly take part in activities in my local youth club such as table tennis and FIFA competitions. I have been involved in Young Enterprise scheme, in which students were tasked with brainstorming a product, creating a unique selling point and deciding the target market amongst other factors. The workshop provided me a unique insight into the decisions and campaign of a business. These activities also strengthened my abilities to lead and communicate effectively within a team.I verbal expression forward to becoming involved in all aspects of university life, not only academically, but also socially and I feel that I would benefit greatly from a place in univ ersity as this will help me to pursue my career in Economics.

Response Mc Graw-Hill Essay Example for Free

Response Mc Graw-Hill screenWith respect to the topic about the role of perception in a conflict, I am divergence to relate this to my personal conflict with a neighbor in the community that I live. I see to it this conflict when our neighbor reprimanded my brother in a humiliating twice in different measure for the reason that the latter used to play his radio component in high volume. Considering the distance of our houses, my draw believed that there was really no disturbance that was created by my brother. However, the said neighbor is still angry with us and tried to spread the issue around the neighborhood.That made my family more angry against our neighbor and we even showed churn up with him. As such, there are two things that are important for the homogeneous, and these include communication behaviors and the perceptions of these behaviors ( Hocker and Wilmot, 2001, p. 26). In sum total to that, the way a conflict is characterized metaphorically creates a certai n perception of what can find out, what will happen, what should happen and with what kind of feeling actions might take place (17).For instance, my perception with the conflict that I was involved was that, the invariant show of utter disrespect my neighbor has shown me by wearing an angry face everytime I am around means that he disliked my presence. It may happen that I will do the same to my neighbor as a counter-reaction or maybe I will create a openhanded impression on him in my mind. I can detect that there are so many another(prenominal) factors affecting my perceptions. The fact that I am also a guy, I hated my neighbor so much and his family background and cultural display are another factors of the conflict.Actually, my neighbor is a foreigner, particularly a Chinese. We have different cultural orientations and perceptions. He hates noise around him and knowing my brother who loves listening to noisy music, they would really end up enemies by conflicting needs and li kes. I am really touch on to this conflict because it is a matter that affects my whole family. Reference Hocker, J. and Wilmot, W. (2001). Interpersonal Conflict. USA Mc Graw-Hill.

Chinese Labor and Employment Law Essay Example for Free

Chinese Labor and Employment Law EssayIn November 2001, chinaware became a fully admitted member of the World Trade Organization and in n in world(prenominal) trade. China has not only become a major export power, but also an photogenic investment target for world trade and investment continues to increase, its intentness environment will likely lure much(prenominal) ? 2 1980. At least 130 million of these are migrant lap upers who move from relatively poor rural areas to urban and industrial centers to work.Many of these migrant workers remit portions of their light upings back to family members in their hometown. Until recently, China has typically had an oversupply of unskilled labor and a shortage of skilled and professional workers. However, in the past several forms, some companies in the major industrial hubs give begun to complain about labor shortages. As a result, some(prenominal) companies now raise wages 10 percent or much annually to retain workers, wh ile others have closed their doors and moved to poorer inland areas or countries with cheaper labor.Interestingly, salaries for new university graduates have stagnated university carcass. While university graduates start their careers with wages comparable to a factory worker, their salaries typically rise much to a greater extent quickly than those factory workers. How have 35 years. Prior to the early 1980s, nearly all jobs were allocated to citizens through an administrative bureau. Employees could not choose their employer or terminate their employment. Further, regulations set an expectation that the employee would work for the same employer for her or his livelong work life.Companies in this era could only terminate employees for gross misconduct. This type of labor market and complaisant safety net was called the Iron Rice bowlful because the employer guaranteed job security and bene equates to employees In other words, the benefits could not be taken away 3 In 1983, the government introduced a contract system that move to address the low productivity of the labor market by replacing the Iron Rice Bowl with short-term labor contracts. At first, state-owned companies resisted this trend and the government succeeded only in minimal reforms.In 1992, the N required all trade unions to be affiliated with the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU). This effectively brought labor unions low greater control of the government. The Labor Law of 1994 liberalized the labor market. The labor rectitude, when combined with economic reforms, resulted in more than 40 million lost jobs in government and state-owned enterprises. As a result of the reforms, the government shut inefficient businesses and the one time economically dominant northeast turned into a rustbelt.Meanwhile, Chinese entrepreneurs and Hong Kong investors transformed the formerly weak southeast province of Guangdong into the largest center of manufacturing in the world. In 2008, the gov ernment introduced a Labor fill Law that rolled back some of the laissez-faire approaches to the workforce that the government introduced in the 1990s. This new law abolished the system of at-will employment for most full-time employees and required employers to provide employees with written contracts. Since 2008, the government has also revisited its policy of tight control over the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU).While all unions must still be approved by and affiliated with ACFTU, it appears that the government is allowing the ACFTU greater authority to advocate for the rights of workers than it did just a a few(prenominal) years ago. That said, the government continues to imprison workers who advocate for the formation of independent trade unions. W A G ES Does China have a minimum wage? 4 Yes. There are devil quantitys of minimum wage monthly and hourly. Minimum wages are set at the provincial and municipal level.The government prohibits employers from r apie ceing an agreement with employees for wages that fall below the local minimum wage standard regardless of whether the employee is still in her or his probation period or internship. A probationary period occurs at the beginning of an employment relationship and allows employers to terminate employees without severance pay up to a maximum of sextet months, but usually just two months. The probation period allows the employer to make sure the employee is a good fit with the employer before being locked into the full term of the employment contract.Provincial and municipal governments frequently adjust statutory minimum wages. For example, galore(postnominal) municipalities have raised their minimum wages twice in the past year alone. Ho It depends on the locality. -time employees is RMB 1,120/month, or roughly $165. However, in the poorer inland city of Chongqing, the minimum wage is RMB 870/month, or roughly $130. Of course, purchasing wages. The relative cost of living in China i s set about than in many developed countries, but even when wages are adjusted for relative prices they remain much lower than in highly developed countries.How much do factory workers earn? It depends on the locality, industry, skill level, and a host of other factors. However, several sources keep broad indices of costs for general factory labor across many regions. Although the indices are only rough estimates, they are helpful in gauging wage differentials across the country. For example, a skilled manufacturing employee in capital of Red China can be hired for 5 RMB 3,000/month, or roughly $445. A similar worker in the poorer inland municipality of Chongqing can be hired for RMB 1,900/month, or roughly $280.To gild how important geographic location is in determining wage rates, the average employee salary in Beijing is nearly three times higher than in the poor inland province of Jiangxi. Do Chinese workers get extra time? T , an employer must pay overtime compensation to an y employee who works more than 40 hours per week. As a general rule, an employer cannot require overtime of more than one hour per day, or three hours per day under special circumstances, and no more than 36 hours per month.As in many other countries, white collar workers like managers and sales staff are often exempt from the overtime pay rules. The following payment schedule illustrates the overtime pay requirements. E xtended Wor king Hours Typical working day Rest day (min. one per week) (i. e. , weekend) National holiday M inimum O vertime Pay (percent of regular(a) wages) 150 percent 200 percent 300 percent Many migrant workers desperate to earn quick money agree with the employer to work beyond the maximum overtime requirements so they can come out extra money home to their families.This type of overtime work is frequently found in industrial hubs and is a contributing cause of recent labor strikes because employees who agree to these arrangements place downward price insi stency on wages and upward pressure on hours. Employers are also able to maneuver round overtime regulations by applying to the local labor authorities and asking for approval to use an alternative system of working hours. What are the wage levels for workers who are paid piece-rate? 6 Piece-rate is a compensation system where the employer pays the employee for each unit produced or action performed, not on the basis of time.Piece-rate wages are still a feature of to address the exploitation of employees through piece rates. For example, workers were exploited when employers paid workers at piece-rate, but indeed fined them for quality defects, tardiness, or no reason at all. These penalties effectively left workers with wages far below what the employer promised the workers during the hiring process. The first principle of piece-rate wages is that employers cannot set a work quota so high that it prevents an employee from completing the work within an eight-hour day or an average 40-hour week.

Spoken language versus written language

Spoken run-in versus compose languageSpoken vs. written languageNot so long time ago, the written language played much bigger role in second language contemplateers life than the intercommunicate language. According to chocolate-brown (2000) Today the importance of teaching the spoken language is universally acknowledged (p. 1). For example, numerous scientists state that people should learn speaking and listening, as well as writting and reading further much, learners should spend more energy on listening. Thus generally one can claim it is more difficult to learn how to understand the spoken language than the written.First of all, during listening, learners cannot focus on one section as they would do in a reading task. Listeners do not take opportunity to read back, if they misunderstand an verbal expression or forget the beginning of the text. Furthermore, according to Ridgway (2000) they do not have the possibility for looking a word up in the dictionary, or guessing the meaning of a word from its context (p. 3.), alike they do it in a reading exercise.Secondly, during listening learners depend on the style of the text and on the listening environment more than in the case of reading. As Field (2000) points out, a listener, who has difficulties in identifying spoken communication in connected livery(p. 2.), can also have problems with different dialects, and the style and the speed of the text he or she listens to, because native speakers speak only clearly enough to make themselves understood in a particular context (Brown, 1990, p. 2.). Furthermore, listeners can be confused by the noisy, annoying environment, for example, during a conversation on the street or a crowded restaurant, while these conditions do not appear in a written text.Thirdly, during a listening exercise, the motivation of learners is alship canal lower, because these kinds of tasks sc ar listeners, adding, that in reading they are braver, because of the advantages which are mentioned at the second paragraph. So to become a good listener, the most important aim is to fetch the faith in ones ability to apply a listening readiness (Field, 2000, p. 1.), because after this momentous step, a text will not cause so much fear. Furthermore, listeners should be able to determine the complexness of the given tasks, because then they can choose the appropriate level for themselves, so they will probably not fail and their self-confidence will improve. However, according to Ridgway (2000), grading texts is problematic (p. 3.), so it can be some other serious controversy.Finally, practising listening is more difficult than reading. For instance, it is not easy to learn listening skills, because as Brown (1990) says, the students are not receiving any help in development (p. 3.) , tho they have to realise alone how to constitute up the process of listening and improve their facilities. Moreover, learners abilities to listening are not similar to everyone, so the ways of practice should be different from each other. For example, even in a class, which is few in number, the teacher should prove at least four different ways of learning listening, but unfortunatelly it is not possible. It follows that learners have to find the best way independently.In conclusion, learning and listening to the spoken language is more difficult, than learning the written language, because listeners cannot focus on one section they are dependent on the style of the speech and the listening environment they are threatened, if they get a task at higher level and they adopt different ways to practise and more help from teachers. ReferencesBrown, G. (1990). Listening to spoken English. London, England Longman.Field, J. (2000). Not waving but drowning a reply to Tony Ridgway. ELT Journal Volume 54/2Ridgway, T. (2000). Listening strategies- I beg your free? ELT Journal Volume 54/2

The Pilgrimage by Paulo Coelho Santiago Analysis

The Pilgrimage by Paulo Coelho capital of Chile AnalysisPaulo Coelhos magical novel follows the adventure of capital of Chile, a school missish Sheppard from an Andalusian t consume who disobeyed his fathers leave behind for him to incur a priest. For this reason capital of Chile can be set forth as a determined, curious as well as adventurous child as he leads his sheep through the unknown deserts. At the beginning of the novel, we checker capital of Chile at an aband whizzd church, where he has been having reoccurring visions of a hidden muffin tack at the Pyramids of Egypt. Having no familiarity of omens or in the flesh(predicate) fictions at that point, he shrugged off this dream until he decided to visit a fortune-teller. Both she and an old man (whom he meets shortly after(prenominal)ward) tell him that he has a quest in intent that he must realize, and that is a part of his existence. tour pursuing his journey, he learns a fair bit about the world round him. Al though he has been grateful to fuck off trusted individuals much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Melchizedek, at that place were more negative lessons wise(p) such as depression (the lechatelierite Merchant), distant love (the bakers daughter) as well as legerdemain (the thief that stole his m geniusy). All of these obstacles held capital of Chile back on his quest to keying his personalised Legend. However, as the reoccurring quote When you want something, solely the universe conspires to uphold you achieve it (Coelho, 62) remains engraved in his head, his levels of want be once again replenished. There be a number of occasions when capital of Chile is strained to make choices that could alter the outcome of his journey. For example, he had to halt up being a Sheppard and sell his sheep in coiffure to boast enough m 1y to be able to finance his voyage to Egypt, in hopes of finding his apprise. I find Santiago to be a dynamic character as he matures and finds reliabl e love come along the end of the book. He has come to learn about the different languages of the world, of the intelligence and blend himself with his environment. The mind of the World is one of the biggest spiritual advancements that Santiago discovers throughout his journey for his Personal Legend. This term is or so directly associated with collective worship. All of these worshippers from different religions worship a certain mystery. But in the end, all of the religions point towards the akin mystery that is the true psyche of the World. Santiagos dynamic qualities atomic number 18 more apparent near the end of the book, where he al approximately gives up completely on pursuing his Personal Legend. Like the quartz Merchant, he starts to show more materialistic qualities and deems that his current possessions are satis occurrenceory for him and that the journey towards a supplementary entirely greater treasure is not necessary. induction of this is found when Santi ago tells the Alchemist I keep up al renty found my treasure. I have a camel, I have my money from the crystal shop, and I have fifty gold pieces (Coelho, 115).By the end of the novel, Santiago has acquired a lot of experienced, close toly gained by the knowledge of the Alchemist. Santiago learned to relinquish fear by earr all(prenominal) to his perfume, which guided him in the right watchfulness and ultimately guided him to his treasure, which was found at the sycamore tree in the abandoned church at the beginning of the novel. Santiagos ground of the Soul of the World is at its highest point during the item where Santiago was forced to magic spell himself into the wind by a bunch of warriors from the desert. At that point, Coelho uses figurative techniques in stage to bring vitality to the sun, the desert, the wind as well as the heavens. The use of personification attributed to these elements demonstrates how much Santiago has learned and deepened his savvy of the wor ld. Santiagos experience has brought him to understand the universal language of the world and is thus able to communicate with these dyspneic elements.If there was one thing I find by the end of this novel, it is that the character of Santiago can be symbolic to the way we live our own personal lives. Like each and e very one of us, we have character flaws that can often keep us from achieving our goals in life. Although most of us do not bank on omens in order to know if we are on the right track, we often rely on former(a)s invaluable sources such as our family members and friends who provide moral support to help achieve our Personal Legend. Obstacles will surely be met (we have seen many throughout Santiagos journey) hitherto thanks to the help of characters such as the Englishman and the Alchemist, Santiago was final examinationly be able to process his destiny and finally reunite himself with Fatima, the girl of his dreams.ISU Journals Personal LegendIn Paulo Coelhos Th e Alchemist the author puts a lot of emphasis on Personal Legends. Upon Santiagos quest, he meets a stranger who later reveals himself as Melchizedek, the king of Salem. He reveals to Santiago an important moral rule, in which consists the foundation of Coelhos whole novel Following ones own Personal Legend. The king describes this legend as A point in someones life where everything is clear, everything is possible. They are not afraid to dream and to yearn for everything they would like to see happen to them in their lives (Coelho, 21). Furthermore, the king explains how there will be difficult obstacles to overcome in the route to realising the personal Legend. iodine of the obstacles presented in Part 1 of the book is a young boy who hold to help lead him towards the Egyptian Pyramids for a cost. Little did the innocent boy know that the boy was in fact a thief and that dishonesty runs rampant in the city of Tangier. A second display case is when Santiago meets an Arabic Cry stal merchandiser, a man who has maintained his shop for over thirty geezerhood at the top of a hilly street. Through the crystal merchants character in Part One of the novel, we can see that he was unable to fulfill his own Personal Legend (which was to travel to the Mecca). While reading this particular instance of the novel, I felt that the merchants character greatly contrasts the protagonists quest into pursuing his own destiny. Phrases such as he had been in the same place for thirty geezerhood there was a time and it was too late to do anything else really show how much faith the merchant mixed-up in his personal dreams. I found that this really affected Santiagos morality and hence, I listed this figure as an obstacle to the fulfillment of Santiagos Personal Legend. Nonetheless the boys depression was soon relieved once the old merchant offered to help the young boy to fulfill what he once dreamed of doing.ISU Journals SheepAt the beginning of Paulo Coelhos The Alchemist we are brought upon the idea of the symbolization of the young Santiagos covey of sheep. Santiagos flock of sheep are first presented at the beginning of the novel. The Sheppard and his flock had ventured through the countryside of Andalusia for the past two years in search of food and water. Both the animals and their master have certainly form a solid bond of friendship and it is explicitly shown in the text when Santiago explains They are so used to me that they know my schedule (Coelho, 4). He would read to them regularly, commentate on the views that they passed by while pursuing their journey and comfort them when they would begin to stir. Santiago as well as comments that the amount of knowledge and understanding that he received from his sheep is quite superior to that of a book.Although Santiagos gratitude and expressed love for his sheep are inevitable, the greater symbolism lies in the feelings of disgust that he has towards them. While reading the novel, I have notic ed instances where Santiago says that the exactly things that sheep care about are food and water. The simplicity of happiness for animals is greatly contrasted with that of humans. Santiago is amazed by how careless the sheep are of their surroundings so long as they are provided with nourishment. This brought me to recognize that the limited perspectives on life of these sheep could in fact be paralleled with that of the Crystal Merchant as well as the baker. Evidence of this is shown when Santiago says If I became a monster today and decided to kill them, one by one, they would become aware only after most of the flock had been slaughtered.(Coelho, 7) correspondently to the Crystal Merchant and the baker, the sheep care vigour else but their material desires (being the food and water). In the case of the Crystal Merchant, he is too preoccupied with his muffled daily life (for more than thirty years) and the desire that everything remains the same. According to the king of Sal em, individuals who present akin characteristics to the merchant are unable to fully neither understand nor appreciate their purpose in life, nor the creations of God. This is one of the reasons that have kept them from pursuing their destiny.Setting/ EpochPaulo Coelhos The Alchemist has numerous settings which progress along with the novel. For instance, the beginning of the trading floor is taken place in the lands of Spain. Evidence of this is shown primarily by the name of the protagonist Santiago and by the fact that the boy first sets off his journey in the percentage of Andalusia. Also, there is a race in the story making relevance to the Moorish invasion over Spain The girl was typical of the region of Andalusia, with flowing black hair, and eyes that vaguely recalled the Moorish conquerors. (Coelho, 5) By this quote alone, we can already fall that the storys epoch is set in a pre- raw context (several centuries ago) during the time in which most technologies such as co mputers, cellphones were absent. Also, caravans as means of transportation are not used as much in the modern era as opposed to in the story. Additionally, the following quote provides proof of the setting by unveil the type of currency The next day, he gave his son a pouch that held three ancient Spanish gold coins (Coelho, 9). In addition to the epoch, Alchemy was a practice that had been abandoned years ago as it had been confirmed that you could not turn any stone into another by simply melting it and wait several years.The setting shifts to another Spanish town located in Andalusia called Tarifa. It is at this landmark that Santiago meets with the king of Salem and is given instructions on pursuing his Personal Legend. Evidence of this is shown when the author describes the shot and mentions that At the highest point in Tarifa, there is an old fort. Built by the Moors. (Coelho, 33)The plot line shifts continents and is before long found in a city called Tangier, which is fo und in Morocco (North Africa). We can confirm this setting because we find that the main language is Arabic, which Santiago isnt accustomed to. Clues such as the gigantic pipe (Coelho, 34) which can also be referred to as a shisha women with their faces covered (34) and priests that climbed to the tops of towers and chanted (34) all suggest an Arabic (Muslim) community.The final setting is in the Sahara desert, in which Santiago crosses in order to get to Egypt. Once again, clues such as the Al Fayoum oasis which is located near the Nile River as well as the Arabic the great unwashed confirm the final major setting of the novel.Plot summaryPaulo Coelhos The Alchemist follows the story of a young Andalusian boy named Santiago whose adventure begins after having a reoccurring dream about him and a mysterious treasure found in the Pyramids of Egypt. Piqued by curiosity, the young encounters numerous individuals, who influence his journey (both positively and negatively) to his treasure . Some of these individuals admit the Gypsy, the king of Salem, the thief at Tangier port, the Crystal Merchant, the baker, the Englishman, Fatima as well as the Alchemist himself.The main unconstipatedt in the story is set when Santiago is forced to make a series of sacrifices in order to obtain his Personal Legend. For example, the first instance is when he follows the king of Salems advice to sell his sheep and to travel to Tangier. The King teaches Santiago about omens which aid Santiago in making the right decisions. However, the young boy got robbed and therefore got a job at a Crystal merchants shop. There, he was able to teach the merchant on the subject calculates of life and how he shouldnt have given up on pursuing his own Personal Legend to one day travel to the Mecca. By making enough money, Santiago is able to pay his way crosswise the Sahara desert towards the sands of Egypt by means of a caravan. He then encounters an Englishman, who has also set himself on a jou rney in order to find his Personal Legend (to become an Alchemist). Through this man, Santiago learns about alchemy and the amount of difficulty associated with it. Arriving at an oasis, Santiago envisions a horde of men fight the desert and warns the chieftains. They were successfully able to defend against these men and Santiago finds the opportunity to meet the Alchemist in person. The Alchemist teaches the boy an innumerable amount of valuable lessons such as listening to ones heart, never giving up, understanding the Soul of the World etc. Santiago is put to the ultimate test when he has been captured by a sort out of Arabic soldiers and ordered him to turn himself into the wind as a display of his magical powers. By linking his heart to the Soul of the World, Santiago communicates with the sun, the wind and The Hand that Wrote All which invoked a powerful storm that brought Santiago to the other side of the hostile camp. Santiago and the Alchemist were free and Santiago fina lly makes it to the Pyramids of Egypt. However, Santiago is severely beaten and robbed at his final destination. One of the men describes his own dream as having seen a treasure buried at an abandoned church beside a Sycamore tree in Spain. Alarmed, Santiago finally understood this meaning and found his own treasure which has been at the starting point of his whole journey.Author relevance/ opus StylePaulo Coelho is the author of one of the most compelling books that I and many others have ever read. I believe that the character of Santiago is easily portrayed by the author himself as both allow a quest of self-freedom and to find their own happiness. Similar to Santiagos job as a Sheppard, Paulos dream of worthy a writer was severely frowned upon by the members of his family. His mother told him that his father was a very bright railroad engineer and that becoming a writer wasnt a job that got a lot of praise. As a matter of fact, Santiagos parents were equally perplexed about his dream of becoming a Sheppard. Unlike Coelhos family however, the young boys parents accepted his dream quicker than the author.The turning of point of Paulos life was when he walked the 500 plus mile Road of Santiago de Compostela in northwest Spain. During this pilgrimage, Paulo had a spiritual awakening and therefore had a different view on life. This part of his life had a great impact on his award winning novel. It is without a surmise that the protagonists name had been inspired by the city of Santiago de Compostela. Similar to the sheep in the novel, Coelho lived his life solely on food and water and wasnt living his life in order to pursue his Personal Legend, which was to become a full-time writer. The obstacles that Coelho have faced in order to become a writer, and therefore fulfilling his own Personal Legend, are paralleled to Santiagos own obstacles in the novel. Depression, thievery as well as physical assault are things that both the author and Santiago have under gone before realising their dream. Unlike Coelho however, Santiago had moral guidance as well as charms (Urim and Thummim) in order to guide him to realise his quest with better ease.After having read the authors biography, I find that Santiagos journey was not necessarily an adventure to find a material treasure, but also a pilgrimage for a spiritual awakening (similar to Coelhos path). Important messages such as listening to ones heart, following ones dream, understanding the Soul of the World etc. are things that Coelho himself has also endured. During his pilgrimage, he has ultimately formed a bond with nature and it is very apparent in his writing behavior when he brings inanimate elements such as the sun and wind to life. Coelho has a very interesting style of writing that appeals a lot to me personally. Many books nowadays are several hundreds of pages long and focusing too much on scenery/setting that often detract readers from understanding any type of moral or life-changi ng message. Similar to my literary compositions, I strive to only include key points and keep most text-fillers out. Although The Alchemist is a very short novel, Coelho avoids many unnecessary descriptions such as the scenery, characters and his use of imagery is very limited. Even having absolute the novel, we do not know of many of the characters age nor their physical appearance. The reason being is that Coelho neglected most of these useless elements to develop the storys main message to follow ones Personal Legend. Using a linear advancement of writing, the author keeps the story rolling with plot-relevant details such as what the character is doing.Themes/ConnectionsI believe one of the most important messages in this whole novel is to simply follow ones dream. Although this cheesy theme has been recycled many times and can be found in various films and literary works alike, Coelhos writing style is what sets his book apart from the others. For example, the authors use of A lchemy greatly enforces the books central theme. As the practice of Alchemy is to turn an ordinary stone (particularly lead, in this book) to gold, we can metaphorically associate Santiago to a block of lead. The dish up of alchemy does take several years and this is also associated with the time that Santiago spent in the Spanish pastures, Tarifa, Tangier and the desert in order to better understand his Personal Legend. Once Santiago met the Alchemist (the final piece to the puzzle) he got a crash course on spiritual awakening, listening to his heart/soul and communicating with nature. That was the final process in which Santiago needed to undergo in order for him to be fully transformed from a piece of lead to gold, hence fulfilling his Personal Legend and finding his treasure under the sycamore tree at the abandoned church.Im sure that most of us can allude to this particular theme as we all have had our personal aspirations or goals during our lifetime. When looking at most s uccessful people in the world such as Barack Obama, Donald Trump, Bill Gates or even Steve Jobbs, they didnt lives solely off food and water as the Crystal Merchant, Baker and Santiagos sheep did. They did have material possessions at the time but the difference is that they make risks in their lives in order to achieve their dreams (whatever they may be). The same applies to Santiago, when he made a huge sacrifice of giving up his sheep to get money in order to travel to Egypt. Many novels illustrate some form of sacrifice in order to fulfill their own dreams. Using the books theory, Mother Theresa was also an ordinary woman, who was ordained a Saint several years ago after devoting herself to help the poor.Although I have not figured out my Personal Legend yet, I believe that the book points out important problems with the world around us. I see the Crystal Merchant as a metaphor to the Average Joe of the modern era. A person that is solely fill with his material possessions and the ways things are. Even Newtons first law of physics (inertia) shows us that our body loves to be found at a same position and attempts to resist to changes. Consequently, a lot of us dont travel cold enough from our comfort zone because we are either scared of the unknown or scared that we will falter.Literary Devices/PredictionsIn Coelhos novel, the most prominent and important literary device is foreshadowing. My predictions set for my novel are heavily based on the clues I encounter from the reoccurring elements of foreshadowing. However, other literary devices such as irony, metaphors, personifications, symbols, motifs, themes are also included in the novel. The first prediction that I made within the first oppose of pages of the novel was his dream about having sought out his Personal Legend in the Pyramids of Egypt along with the help of a boy. Before having completed the book, I assumed that this boy was to be later revealed as an alchemist however the identity of this b oy remains concealed. This element of foreshadowing plays a big role in the boilers suit progression of the book as it is this incident that sparks the whole story line as it initiates him to talk to the Gypsy, in which he later encounters the king of Salem etc.After all of Santiagos influences, Ive came to the conclusion that he would as yet have a change in his personality one way or another. Since Santiagos journey relies heavily on the use of omens, it is easy to predict future events and the decisions that he will make in order to accomplish a task. For example, Ive predicted that the Crystal Merchant would surely travel to the Mecca to realise his Personal Legend after having encountered Santiago and deemed him as a good omen. Ive also predicted Santiagos loss of hope and that he would ultimately give up his journey after he packed up his bags to return to Spain. However, I later discovered that the omens of Urim and Thummim have signalled to Santiago that he must not give u p and must in fact continue his journey to find his Personal Legend. Further on in the story, I noticed that Santiago and the Alchemist have encountered hostile Arabic soldiers on their way to the Pyramids. I then noted that travelling in such an area would lead to their eventual capture.On the note of literary devices, personification played a grand role in the development of the climax (human traits were given to the sun, wind as well as the Hand that Wrote All). The story alludes to many characters throughout history as well as mythology. For example, Biblical allusion is made towards the king of Jerusalem Melchizedek who brought bread and wine and offered a blessing (Urim and Thummim in The Alchemist) to Abraham after he win a harsh battle. Also, in the novels prologue, there is allusion to the Greek mythologys Narcissus. This character brings to our attention that everyone is a part of the Soul of the World. Evidence of this is shown when the lake mentions I weep for Narcissus , but I never noticed that Narcissus was beautiful. I weep because, each time he knelt beside my banks, I could see, in the depths of his eyes, my own beauty reflected (Coelho, X).