'Mmw 13 Notes\r'

'SAFAVID EMPIRE identify Focus: 1) The pansy (Sunni)-Safavid (Shi’ite) split in Dar al-Islam 2) Safavids’ use of religious extremism to inspire a following and forge an empire 3) regeneration from heterodox ideology to orthodox theocracy at a lower place Shah Abbas I) The Safavid Rise to Power in Persia •3 empires dominated by presence of Islam •M2oguls in India, Ottoman Empire, and Safavids a) Isma’il and the Messianic political orientation of the Qizilbash (warriors; â€Å"red heads” > their turbans) i) How did a 14 year-old anchor a dynasty? •Led Turkish forces to capture an Iranian city it was already a vulnerable region • envision a utopian Islamic earth (1) use up lineage from 13th snow Sufi leaderâ€Safi al-Din (2) Reincarnation of the â€Å" unsung” Twelfth Imam of Shi’a Islam (3) Claim of divinity as the â€Å"God-shah” ?maybe rebirth of Allah himself!! ii) Sufi belief in the transmission o f mystical billets •maybe a deli very(prenominal) boy figure iii) Qizilbash fanaticism •sometimes went into date unarmed; believed Isma’il’s power could save em •the more utmost(prenominal) their behavior, the more they showed their loyalty to Isma’il b) The Safavid-Ottoman scrap Safavid’s were intent on ventilation their Qizibash religions i) Clash of Heterodoxy vs. Orthodoxy (1) Safavids intent on spreading their Sufi/Shi’ite ideology ? Ottomans had break over Mecca ?Safavid discouraged pilgr stunt man to Mecca to disobey Ottoman’s rule (2) Ottoman Selim the Grim’s claim as the â€Å"exterminator of idolators” ? referring to Safavid ? do it his primary stopping point to eliminate Safavid (3) Battle of Chaldiran (Kaldi-ran) 1514 ?slave armies were tremendous; used firmarms ?forced to retreated to magnetic core of their empire ii) Geopolitical consequences 1) Interruption of the Mediterraneanâ€Mi ddle Eastern commercial engagement iii) Changes in Safavid Policies (1) Adoption of more conservativist brand of â€Å"Imamite Sh’ia” II) Safavid Consolidation under Shah Abbas I (r. 1588-1629) a) Securing the Empire oAdopted Shi’a Imam/not so extreme ofanaticism is good for divergence to power, but not conservative o1588 o1590, schematic impressive i) Military Reorganization • reorganise army (1) Ghulam system ?recruited; much get around organized and loyal army (2) Alliances with Europeans to retort Ottoman advance ?first, with Portuguese, but nigh always about arms i) promote commerce (1) New capital in Isfahan as a cosmopolitan affectionateness of trade ? openly invited Euro and Asian merchants; and Christian missionaires ? became incredibly worldy and diverse ?â€Å"to front Isfahan is to see half the world” (2) Secured trade routes within the Safavid realm b) Pragmatic ruler â€Å" twain feared and loved” i) Ruler in the Machi avellian vein? •he did everything ideal of Machiavellian prince (1) Pragmatist not ideologue ?skilled in statecraft and diplomacy ?close nerve centre on suspicious stuff ?very â€Å"hands-on” ?good on theological discourse (2) Manipulation of his public imageâ€â€Å"Shah of the People” ? ffect sovereign must excogitate to his people to be feared and loved ? extremely visible; mingled with the common people ?made it a point to be depressed and scruple •wore simple linens; not silks (3) â€Å" more feared than loved”? ?played no favorites ?no patience for flatterers ?ruled effectively and resolutely ii) Religious Policies (1) Father Simon’s narration to Pope Paul V in 1605 (2) Purged of the Qizilbash iii) Symptoms of decline after Shah Abbas (1) Increasing fanaticism towards other Muslim sects (2) Greater persecution of non-Muslims Shi’a imam was more tolerated; even Sunni’s were persecuted .\r\n'